Abstract
Capillary electrophoretic method suitable for the assay of citrus flavonoids (hesperidin, diosmin, and rutin), troxerutin, and ascorbic acid in food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations was devised and validated. The separation was carried out at 25 kV in uncoated fused-silica capillary (50 μm i.d.; total length, 32 cm (21 cm to detector); and spectrophotometric detection at 280 nm) maintained at 25 °C with 40 mM sodium tetraborate buffer of pH 9.5 containing 25 % (v/v) of methanol as the background electrolyte. The samples were injected hydrodynamically (50 mbar, 6 s). The calibration curves were linear (correlation coefficients r = 0.9994–0.9998) for 0.05–0.50 mg/mL of hesperidin, diosmin, rutin, and troxerutin and 0.10–1.00 mg/mL of ascorbic acid when using cinnamic acid (0.05 mg/mL) as internal standard (IS). The LOQ values (S/N = 10) ranged between 0.02 and 0.04 mg/mL of an analyte. The intra- and interday repeatability of migration times and corrected peak areas was characterized by RSD ≤ 3.6 %. Single CE analysis of a standard mixture containing all five analytes and the IS took less than 11 min. Accuracy of the method was evaluated by the added/found analyte recovery experiments (recoveries, 95.5–99.8 %). The method was applied to the analysis of five commercially available food supplements and pharmaceuticals.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bachmann S, Huck CW, Bakry R, Bonn GK (2007) Electrophoresis 28:799
Baranowska I, Magiera S (2011) Anal Bioanal Chem 399:3211
Benavente-García O, Castillo J (2008) J Agric Food Chem 56:6185
Benavente-García O, Castillo J, Marin FR, Ortuno A, Del Rio JA (1997) J Agric Food Chem 45:4505
Cao J, Qu H, Cheng Y (2010) Electrophoresis 31:1689
Cesla P, Fischer J, Jandera P (2012) Electrophoresis 33:2464
Chen G, Zhang L, Zhao J, Ye J (2002) Anal Bioanal Chem 373:169
Chen XJ, Zhao J, Meng Q, Li SP, Wang YT (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:7329
Cui XY, Zhang ML, Guan X, Yin L, Sun YT, Fawcett JP, Gu JK (2011) Chromatographia 73:165
El-Hady DA, Gotti R, El-Maali NA (2008) J Sep Sci 31:2252
El-Shafae AM, El-Domiaty MM (2001) J Pharm Biomed Anal 26:539
Gardner PT, White TAC, McPhail DB, Duthie GG (2000) Food Chem 68:471
Garg A, Garg S, Zaneveld LJD, Singla AK (2001) Phytother Res 15:655
Georgakopoulos CD, Lamari FN, Karathanasopoulou IN, Gartaganis VS, Pharmakakis NM, Karamanos NK (2010) Biomed Chromatogr 24:852
González EA, Nazareno MA (2011) LWT-Food Sci Technol 44:558
Hamdan D, El-Readi MZ, Tahrani A et al (2011) Food Chem 127:394
He DX, Shan Y, Wu YH, Liu GZ, Chen B, Yao SZ (2011) Food Chem 127:880
Hodgson JM, Croft KD (2006) J Sci Food Agric 86(2492)
Klimek B, Olszewska MA, Tokar M (2010) Phytochem Anal 21:150
Londono-Londono J, de Lima VR, Lara O, Gil A, Pasa TBC, Arango GJ, Pineda JRR (2010) Food Chem 119:81
Peng Y, Liu F, Ye J (2006) J Chromatogr B 830:224
Peres RG, Micke GA, Tavares MFM, Rodriguez-Amaya DB (2009) J Sep Sci 32:3822
Siroka J, Jac P, Polasek M (2011) TRAC-Trends Anal Chem 30:142
Tripoli E, La Guardia M, Giammanco S, Di Majo D, Giammanco M (2007) Food Chem 104:466
Wang S, Jia L, Chen D (2009) J Sep Sci 32:388
Wu T, Guan Y, Ye J (2007) Food Chem 100:1573
Yang GJ, Liu P, Qu XL et al (2007) J Chromatogr B 856:222
Zhao SG, Chen XG, Hu ZD (2003) Chromatographia 57:593
Acknowledgments
The financial support from Charles University Project SVV 2012–265 002 is gratefully acknowledged.
Conflict of Interest
The authors have declared no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Široká, J., Martincová, A., Pospíšilová, M. et al. Assay of Citrus Flavonoids, Troxerutin, and Ascorbic Acid in Food Supplements and Pharmaceuticals by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis. Food Anal. Methods 6, 1561–1567 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9573-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9573-0