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Formulae for the secondary electron yield and total stopping power from 0.8 keV to 10 keV for metals

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Abstract

Based on the range–energy relationship, the characteristics of secondary electron emission, some relationship between the secondary electron yield δ and experimental results, the universal formulae for δ 0.8−2 (the subscript indicates that the energy range of primary energy at the surface W po is from 0.8 keV to 2 keV) and δ 2−10 for metals were deduced. The δ 0.8−10 calculated with the universal formulae and the δ 0.8−10 measured experimentally were compared, and the scattering of δ for the same metal was analysed. Finally, we concluded that the formulae were universal for δ 0.8−10 for metals. On the basis of some relationship between parameters of δ, we deduce a formula for expressing total stopping power S 0.8−10 as a function of S 10−30, δ 0.8−10, δ 10−30, backscattered coefficient η 0.8−10, η 10−30 and W po. The calculated S 0.8−10 were compared with the values measured experimentally and it was concluded that the formula to estimate S 0.8−10 was universal for metals.

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Acknowledgements

This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11473049). The present research has been conducted by the research grant of Kwangwoon University in 2015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210 044, China

    A G XIE, S Y XIAO & L WANG

  2. Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-701, Republic of Korea

    A G XIE

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Correspondence to A G XIE.

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XIE, A.G., XIAO, S.Y. & WANG, L. Formulae for the secondary electron yield and total stopping power from 0.8 keV to 10 keV for metals. Pramana - J Phys 86, 1127–1141 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-015-1119-0

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