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Relationships Between Blood Mg2+ and Energy Metabolites/Enzymes After Acute Exhaustive Swimming Exercise in Rats

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Abstract

Magnesium (Mg) plays a central role in neuronal activity, cardiac excitability, neuromuscular transmission, muscular contraction, vasomotor tone, and blood pressure, all of which are significantly related to physical performance. To date, the available data about detection of blood total Mg (tMg; free-ionized, protein-bound, and anion-complex forms) are inconsistent, and there is limited information on blood free-ionized Mg (Mg2+) in relation to physical exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical changes related to energy metabolism after acute exhaustive swimming exercise (AESE) in rats in an attempt to correlate the role of blood Mg2+ with metabolites/enzymes related to energy production. After AESE, blood Mg2+, tMg, K+, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, lactate, total protein (T-PRO), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatinine kinase (CK) were significantly increased, whereas pH, partial pressure of oxygen, oxygen saturation, the Mg2+/tMg and Ca2+/Mg2+ ratios, HCO3 −, glucose, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly decreased. During AESE, lactate, T-PRO, albumin, AST, ALP, LDH, CK, CRE, BUN, and UA showed significant positive correlations with changes in blood Mg2+, while glucose, TG, and LDL correlated to Mg2+ in a negative manner. In conclusion, AESE induced increases in both blood Mg2+ and tMg, accompanied by changes in blood metabolites and enzymes related to energy metabolism due to increased metabolic demands and mechanical damages.

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Acknowledgments

This paper was supported by research funds of Chonbuk National University in 2012.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Md. Mahbubur Rahman, A-Reum Mun, Gi-Beum Kim, Hyung-Sub Kang, Jin-Shang Kim & Shang-Jin Kim

  2. Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju Center, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Sei-Jin Lee

  3. Department of Clinical Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan

    Gareeballah Osman Adam

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Ra-Mi Park

  5. Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 561-756, Republic of Korea

    Sung-Zoo Kim

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  1. Md. Mahbubur Rahman
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  2. Sei-Jin Lee
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  3. A-Reum Mun
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  7. Hyung-Sub Kang
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  8. Jin-Shang Kim
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  9. Shang-Jin Kim
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  10. Sung-Zoo Kim
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sung-Zoo Kim.

Additional information

M. M. Rahman and S. J. Lee contributed equally to this study as co-first authors.

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Rahman, M.M., Lee, SJ., Mun, AR. et al. Relationships Between Blood Mg2+ and Energy Metabolites/Enzymes After Acute Exhaustive Swimming Exercise in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 161, 85–90 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9983-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9983-x

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