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Jatropha Diterpenes: a Review

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

Terpenes are the largest group of phytochemicals that exhibit diverse functions in mediating antagonistic and beneficial interactions in, and among, organisms. For many years the abundance and distribution of terpenoid compounds in plants have benefitted both nature and human civilization. Jatropha species, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, are a rich source of terpenoid compounds. Among the terpenes, diterpenoid compounds have dominated the research area in Jatropha species with respect to their novel chemical structures and medicinal values. The present review describes the chemistry and biological activities of an array of Jatropha diterpenes. The diterpenes isolated from Jatropha species belongs to rhamnofolane, daphnane, lathyrane, tigliane, dinorditerpene, deoxy preussomerin and pimarane skeletal structures. Among the 68 diterpenes collated in this review, the biological activity of compounds varied distinctly—the majority of the diterpenes exhibited cytotoxic, antitumor and antimicrobial activities in vitro. To name a few, jatrophone, spruceanol and jatrophatrione exhibited antitumor properties against P338 lymphocytic leukemia and japodagrol against KB carcinoma cells. Whereas, curcusone B exhibited anti-invasive effects against cholangiocarcinoma cells. The phorbol esters (Jatropha factor C1–C6) and Jatropherol exhibited insect deterrent/cytotoxic properties. Many diterpenes (jatrophalactam, faveline derivatives, multifolone, curcusone, jatrophone derivatives etc.) showed in-vitro cytotoxic activity, while japodagrin, jatrogrossidione derivatives and jatropholone derivatives exhibited antimicrobial activities. Jatropha diterpenoids having a wide spectrum of bioactivity could form lead compounds or could be used as templates for the synthesis of new compounds with better biological activity for utilization in the pharmaceutical industries.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Berlin, Germany for the financial assistance. The assistance of Mr. Herman Baumgartner is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics (480b), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany

    Rakshit K. Devappa, Harinder P. S. Makkar & Klaus Becker

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  1. Rakshit K. Devappa
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  2. Harinder P. S. Makkar
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  3. Klaus Becker
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Correspondence to Harinder P. S. Makkar.

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Devappa, R.K., Makkar, H.P.S. & Becker, K. Jatropha Diterpenes: a Review. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88, 301–322 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-010-1720-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-010-1720-9

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