Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Antioxidant activity of butterhead lettuce: evaluation of significant factors affecting antioxidant extraction and quantification

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This work presents a standardized methodology for both the extraction of antioxidants from butterhead lettuce and the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity through DPPH methodology. The standardized extraction of antioxidants requires processing the fresh lettuce leaves (1 g) for 1 min, mixing with 10 mL of acidified ethanol (0.5 or 1 % citric acid) maintaining this mixture with continuous shaking during 1 h at 2 °C. After that, a centrifugation at 8,000 rpm for 15 min is necessary to obtain a fist supernatant (antioxidant source). A second extraction step with acetone:water (70:30 v/v) improves the extraction yield. Extracts can be stored for 14 days at −20 °C without changes in its antioxidant capacity. For quantification, a mixture 1:4 of lettuce extract and DPPH (100 μM) must be incubated for 60 min at 2 °C in dark before reading at 517 nm. Expression of results in terms of mg ascorbic acid equivalents/100 g fresh weight is recommended in order to compare results from different studies. A kinetic study of the reaction between lettuce antioxidants and DPPH was adjusted to a biphasic first-order kinetic model and showed evidence of the presence of antioxidants of slow and rapid antioxidants in lettuce extracts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. I. Soerjomataram, D. Oomen, V. Lemmens, A. Oenema, V. Benetou, A. Trichopoulou, J.W. Coebergh, J. Barendregt, E. de Vries, Eur. J. Cancer 46, 2563–2580 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. S. Wang, J.P. Melnyk, R. Tsao, M.F. Marcone, Food Res. Int. 44, 14–22 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. U.K.S. Khanam, S. Oba, E. Yanase, Y. Murakami, J. Funct. Foods 4, 979–987 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. S.-J. Kim, A.R. Cho, J. Han, Food Control 29, 112–120 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. R. Llorach, A. Martínez-Sánchez, F.A. Tomás-Barberán, M.I. Gil, F. Ferreres, Food Chem. 108, 1028–1038 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. W. Brand-Williams, M.E. Cuvelier, C.L.W.T. Berset, LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 28, 25–30 (1995)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. R.L. Prior, X. Wu, K. Schaich, J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 4290–4302 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Sánchez-Moreno, J.A. Larrauri, F. Saura-Calixto, J. Sci. Food Agric. 76, 270–276 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. A.L. Dawidowicz, D. Wianowska, M. Olszowy, Food Chem. 131, 1037–1043 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. K. Mishra, H. Ojha, N.K. Chaudhury, Food Chem. 130, 1036–1043 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. C. Nicolle, A. Carnat, D. Fraisse, J.L. Lamaison, E. Rock, H. Michel, P. Amouroux, C. Remesy, J. Sci. Food Agric. 84, 2061–2069 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M.L. Lemoine, A.R. Chaves, G.A. Martínez, LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 43, 1313–1319 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. M.T. Escribano-Bailon, C. Santos-Buelga, Polyphenols extraction from foods, in Methods in polyphenol analysis, ed. by C. Santos-Buelga, G. Williamson (Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2003), pp. 1–16

    Google Scholar 

  14. J. Pérez-Jiménez, S. Arranz, M. Tabernero, M.E. Díaz-Rubio, J. Serrano, I. Goñi, F. Saura-Calixto, Food Res. Int. 41, 274–285 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. A. Romani, P. Pinelli, C. Galardi, G. Sani, A. Cimato, D. Heimler, Food Chem. 79, 337–342 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. F.A. Tomás-Barberán, M.I. Gil, M. Castañer, F. Artés, M.E. Saltveit, J. Agric. Food Chem. 45, 583–589 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J.A. Michiels, C. Kevers, J. Pincemail, J.O. Defraigne, J. Dommes, Food Chem. 130, 986–993 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Tabart, C. Kevers, A. Sipel, J. Pincemail, J.-O. Defraigne, J. Dommes, Food Chem. 105, 1268–1275 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. E. Sikora, E. Cieślik, T. Leszczyńska, A. Filipiak-Florkiewicz, P.M. Pisulewski, Food Chem. 107, 55–59 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. J.E. Cacace, G. Mazza, J. Food Sci. 68, 240–248 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Pinelo, M. Rubilar, M. Jerez, J. Sineiro, M.J. Núñez, J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 2111–2117 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. A. Cano, M.B. Arnao, Int. J. Food Prop. 8, 521–528 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. M.-M. Oh, E.E. Carey, C.B. Rajashekar, Plan Physiol. Biochem. 47, 578–583 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. C. Liyana-Pathirana, F. Shahidi, Food Chem. 93, 47–56 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Yu, M. Ahmedna, I. Goktepe, Food Chem. 90, 199–206 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. N.A.M. Eskin, H.M. Henderson, R.J. Townsend, Biochemistry of foods (Academic Press Inc, New York, 1971)

    Google Scholar 

  27. H.-O. Boo, B.-G. Heo, S. Gorinstein, S.-U. Chon, Plant Sci. 181, 479–484 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Z. Li, X. Zhao, A.K. Sandhu, L. Gu, J. Agric. Food Chem. 58, 6503–6509 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. X. Liu, S. Ardo, M. Bunning, J. Parry, K. Zhou, C. Stushnoff, F. Stoniker, L. Yu, P. Kendall, LWT-FoodSci. Technol. 40, 552–557 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. H.-M. Kang, M.E. Saltveit, J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 7536–7541 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. N.C. Rajapakse, C. He, L. Cisneros-Zevallos, F.T. Davies Jr, Sci. Hort. 122, 171–178 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. F.L. Reyes, E.J. Villarreal, L. Cisneros-Zevallos, Food Chem. 101, 1254–1262 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. J. Rios, M. Rosales, B. Blasco, L. Cervilla, L. Romero, J. Ruiz, Sci. Hortc 116, 248–255 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and the Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) from Argentina.

Conflict of interest

The authors of this work declare that there is no conflict of interest with any people or organization.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Juan B. Justo 4302, B7608FDQ, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Gabriela E. Viacava & Sara I. Roura

  2. Laboratorio de Microbiología Industrial: Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Int. Guiraldes 2630 (Pabellón de Industrias, Ciudad Universitaria), C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    María V. Agüero

  3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Gabriela E. Viacava, Sara I. Roura & María V. Agüero

Authors
  1. Gabriela E. Viacava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sara I. Roura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. María V. Agüero
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to María V. Agüero.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Viacava, G.E., Roura, S.I. & Agüero, M.V. Antioxidant activity of butterhead lettuce: evaluation of significant factors affecting antioxidant extraction and quantification. Food Measure 9, 206–214 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-015-9225-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-015-9225-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation