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Shape-controlled porous carbon from calcium citrate precursor and their intriguing application in lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract

Porous carbon nanosheets (PCNSs), porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs), and flowerlike porous carbon microspheres (FPCMs) were successfully synthesized through a carbonization method combined with a simple acid pickling treatment using calcium citrate as the precursor. The as-prepared products show uniform morphologies, in which the FPCMs are self-assembled from PCNSs. As anodes of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, these carbon materials deliver a stable reversible capacity above 515 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles at 100 mA g−1. Compared with PCNSs and PCNFs, FPCMs demonstrate preferable rate capability (378 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1) and cyclability (643 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1). These results suggest that an appropriate select of morphology and structure will significantly improve the lithium storage capacity. The study also indicates that the novel shape-controlled porous carbon materials have potential applications as electrode materials in electronic devices.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China (Grant No. NSFC 51003008) and the Cooperation Key Projects between State-Owned Enterprises and Universities of Sichuan Province (Grant No. 80303-SZL021).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, People’s Republic of China

    Yang Gao, Junfeng Li, Yuqing Liu, Liangzhao Zhong, Chaozhu Shu & Wentao Zhang

  2. Sichuan Keneng Lithium Battery Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610101, People’s Republic of China

    Bo Yue

Authors
  1. Yang Gao
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  2. Junfeng Li
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  3. Yuqing Liu
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  4. Liangzhao Zhong
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  7. Wentao Zhang
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Correspondence to Junfeng Li.

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Gao, Y., Li, J., Liu, Y. et al. Shape-controlled porous carbon from calcium citrate precursor and their intriguing application in lithium-ion batteries. Ionics 23, 2301–2310 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2089-7

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