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A Mathematical Model for the Macrophage Response to Respiratory Viral Infection in Normal and Asthmatic Conditions

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Abstract

Respiratory viral infections are common in the general population and one of the most important causes of asthma aggravation and exacerbation. Despite many studies, it is not well understood how viral infections cause more severe symptoms and exacerbations in asthmatics. We develop a mathematical model of two types of macrophages that play complementary roles in fighting viral infection: classically \((\hbox {CA}\)-\(\hbox {M}\Phi )\) and alternatively activated macrophages \((\hbox {AA}\)-\(\hbox {M}\Phi )\). \(\hbox {CA}\)-\(\hbox {M}\Phi \) destroy infected cells and tissues to remove viruses, while \(\hbox {AA}\)-\(\hbox {M}\Phi \) repair damaged tissues. We show that a higher viral load or longer duration of infection provokes a stronger immune response from the macrophage system. By adjusting the parameters, we model the differences in response to respiratory viral infection in normal and asthmatic subjects and show how this skews the system toward a response that generates more severe symptoms in asthmatic patients.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund and the 21st century Science Initiative Grant from the James S. McDonnell Foundation (FRA).

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  1. Junehyuk Lee and Frederick R. Adler contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital Jomaruro 170, Wonmigu, Bucheon, Gyeonggido, 14584, Korea

    Junehyuk Lee

  2. Department of Biology, University of Utah, 155 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-0090, USA

    Frederick R. Adler

  3. Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-0090, USA

    Frederick R. Adler

  4. Department of Mathematics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Peter S. Kim

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  1. Junehyuk Lee
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Correspondence to Junehyuk Lee or Frederick R. Adler.

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Lee, J., Adler, F.R. & Kim, P.S. A Mathematical Model for the Macrophage Response to Respiratory Viral Infection in Normal and Asthmatic Conditions. Bull Math Biol 79, 1979–1998 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-017-0315-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-017-0315-0

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