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The ability of Typha domingensis to accumulate and tolerate high concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Zn

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Abstract

The tolerance and removal efficiency of Typha domingensis exposed to high concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Zn in single and combined treatments were studied. Sediment and two plants were disposed in each plastic reactor. The treatments were 100 and 500 mg L−1 of Cr, Ni, and Zn (single solutions); 100 mg L−1 Cr + Ni + Zn (multi-metal solutions) and 500 mg L−1 Cr + Ni + Zn (multi-metal solutions); and a control. Even though the concentrations studied were extremely high, simulating an accidental metal dump, the three metals were efficiently removed from water. The highest removal was registered for Cr. The presence of other metals favored Cr and did not favor Ni and Zn removal from water. After 25 days, senescence and chlorosis of plants were observed in Ni and Comb500 treatments, while Cr and Zn only caused growth inhibition. T. domingensis accumulated high metal concentrations in tissues. The roots showed higher metal concentration than submerged parts of leaves. Cr translocation to aerial parts was enhanced by the presence of Ni and Zn. Our results demonstrate that in the case of an accidental dump of high Cr, Ni, and Zn concentrations, a wetland system dominated by T. domingensis is able to retain metals, and the macrophyte is able to tolerate them the time necessary to remove them from water. Thus, the environment will be preserved since the wetland would act as a cushion.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)-CAI+D Project, and Agencia de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica for providing funds for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Química Analítica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santiago del Estero 2829, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina

    M. M. Mufarrege, H. R. Hadad, G. A. Di Luca & M. A. Maine

  2. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina

    H. R. Hadad

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  1. M. M. Mufarrege
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  2. H. R. Hadad
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  3. G. A. Di Luca
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  4. M. A. Maine
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Correspondence to M. M. Mufarrege.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Mufarrege, M.M., Hadad, H.R., Di Luca, G.A. et al. The ability of Typha domingensis to accumulate and tolerate high concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Zn. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 286–292 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3352-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3352-3

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