Skip to main content
Log in

The Effect of Florida’s Bright Futures Program on College Enrollment and Degree Production: An Aggregated-Level Analysis

  • Published:
Research in Higher Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the impact of the Bright Futures Scholarship Program on college enrollment and degree production in Florida by using IPEDS enrollment, migration, and completion data. Results suggest large and significant enrollment effects at Florida’s public 4- and 2-year institutions, for both full-time and part-time enrollment. This large growth is at least in part due to reduced out-migration of Florida’s resident students attending out-of-state institutions. Thus the net effect is lower than the enrollment growth in Florida. Finally, our results indicate that the effect of Bright Futures on degree production is lower than that on enrollment. This aggregated-level analysis provides an important baseline for our future research on the effect of Bright Futures on students’ college attendance, choice, financial aid renewal, persistence, and graduation by using detailed individual-level data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. SREB has 16 member states including AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV.

  2. This removes six states that have adopted variations of merit-aid programs before 2002, including AR, GA, KY, LA, MS, and SC.

  3. The only public baccalaureate institution reported in IPEDS, New College of Florida, reported data in 2001 but not in other years.

References

  • Bertrand, M., Duflo, E., & Mullainathan, S. (2004). How much should we trust differences-in-differences estimates? The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 119(1), 249–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calcagno, J. C., & Alfonso, M. (2007). State merit aid programs: Responses by Florida community colleges (CCRC brief no. 35). New York, NY: Community College Research Center.

  • Cohen-Vogel, L., Ingle, K., Albee, A., & Spence, M. (2008). The “spread” of merit-based college aid: Politics, policy consortia and interstate competition. Educational Policy, 22, 339–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cornwell, C., Mustard, D., & Sridhar, D. J. (2006). The enrollment effects of merit-based financial aid. Journal of Labor Economics, 24(4), 761–786.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dee, T. S., & Jackson, L. A. (1999). Who loses HOPE? Attrition from Georgia’s college scholarship program. Southern Economic Journal, 66(2), 379–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delaney, J., & Ness, E. (2009). A state-level merit aid typology. Paper presented at association for the study of higher education annual conference, Vancouver, Canada.

  • Doyle, W. R. (2006). Adoption of merit-based student grant programs: An event history analysis. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 28, 259–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dynarski, S. (2000). Hope for whom? Financial aid for the middle class and its impact on college attendance. National Tax Journal, 53(3), 629–661.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dynarski, S. (2004). The new merit aid. In C. M. Hoxby (Ed.), College choices: The economics of where to go, when to go, and how to pay for it (pp. 63–100). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Dynarski, S. (2008). Building the stock of college-educated labor. Journal of Human Resources, 43, 576–610.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groen, J. A. (2004). The effect of college location on migration of college-educated labor. Journal of Econometrics, 121(1–2), 125–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heller, D. E. (2004). State merit scholarship programs: An overview. In D. E. Heller & P. Marin (Eds.), State merit scholarship programs and racial inequality (pp. 15–22). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Civil Rights Project.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heller, D. E., & Marin, P. (Eds.). (2002). Who should we help? The negative social consequences of merit aid scholarships. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Civil Rights Project.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henry, G. T., Rubenstein, R., & Bugler, D. T. (2004). Is HOPE enough? Impacts of receiving and losing merit-based financial aid. Educational Policy, 18(5), 686–709.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, S., Trengove, M., & Zhang, L. (2012). Toward a greater understanding of the effects of state merit aid programs. In J. C. Smart & M. B. Paulsen (Eds.), Higher education: Handbook of theory and research (Vol. 27). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ionescu, F., & Polgreen, L. A. (2009). A theory of brain drain and public funding for higher education in the United States. The American Economic Review, 99(2), 517–521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jaeger, D. A., & Page, M. E. (1996). Degrees matter: New evidence on sheepskin effects in the returns to education. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 78(4), 733–740.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kane, T. J., & Rouse, C. E. (1995). Labor-market returns to two- and four-year colleges. American Economic Review, 85(3), 600–614.

    Google Scholar 

  • Long, B. T. (2004). How do financial aid policies affect colleges? The institutional impact of the Georgia HOPE scholarship. Journal of Human Resources, 39(3), 1045–1066.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McPherson, M. S., & Shapiro, M. O. (1998). The student aid game: Meeting need and rewarding talent in American higher education. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, B. D. (1995). Natural and quasi-experiments in economics. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 13(2), 151–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murdock, T. A. (1990). Financial aid and persistence: An integrative review of the literature. NASPA Journal, 27(3), 213–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nutting, A. W. (2008). Costs of attendance and the educational programs of first-time community college students. Economics of Education Review, 27(4), 450–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orsuwan, M., & Heck, R. H. (2009). Merit-based student aid and freshman interstate college migration: Testing a dynamic model of policy change. Research in Higher Education, 50, 24–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pallas, A. M. (1993). Schooling in the course of human lives: The social context of education and the transition to adulthood in industrial society. Review of Educational Research, 63(4), 409–447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, K. K. (2001). Where college students live after they graduate. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • St.John, E. P. (2003). Refinancing the college dream: Access, equal opportunity, and justice for taxpayers. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuckman, H. P. (1970). Determinants of college student migration. Southern Economic Journal, 37(2), 184–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L. (2011). Does merit-based aid affect degree production in STEM fields? Evidence from Georgia and Florida. The Journal of Higher Education, 82(4), 389–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., & Ness, E. (2010). Does state merit-based aid stem brain drain? Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 32, 143–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This manuscript was prepared with financial support from the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant # R305A110609. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liang Zhang.

Appendix

Appendix

See Table 6

Table 6 Effects of bright futures on full-time first-time college enrollment, inconsistent sample and institutional-level analysis

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, L., Hu, S. & Sensenig, V. The Effect of Florida’s Bright Futures Program on College Enrollment and Degree Production: An Aggregated-Level Analysis. Res High Educ 54, 746–764 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-013-9293-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-013-9293-8

Keywords

Navigation