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The role of parental rearing practices and family demographics on oral health-related quality of life in children

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the direct and indirect (via oral health-related behaviour) effects of parental rearing practices on children’s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) within a family-focused, comprehensive predictive model.

Methods

Participants were 11- to 14-year-old children and their parents living in Telangana State, India (N = 1130). Children were clinically assessed for dental caries, gingivitis, oral hygiene status, fluorosis, and malocclusion, and completed a self-administered questionnaire on oral health-related behaviour and OHRQoL. Parents answered questions related to their socioeconomic status (SES), family circumstances, parent’s perceptions of child’s OHRQoL, and child rearing practices. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the pathways through which parenting practices were associated with children’s OHRQoL.

Results

Parents with higher positive (β = −0.106) and lower power assertion rearing practices (β = 0.103) had children with better OHRQoL. Parental rearing practices did not have any effect on children’s oral hygiene behaviour. Children who had malocclusion (β = 0.076) and fluorosis (β = 0.38) had lower OHRQoL. Family SES had a significant effect on children’s oral hygiene behaviour and oral hygiene status with children of higher SES demonstrating better oral hygiene behaviour and status. Children living in single-parent families reported poorer oral hygiene behaviour (β = −0.048) than those living in other types of families.

Conclusions

Parental rearing practices had direct effects on OHRQoL. However, the hypothesised indirect effects of these practices on OHRQoL via poor oral health behaviour were not supported.

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Acknowledgements

The principal author, Dr. Kumar, is supported by a Griffith University scholarship for international higher degree students.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry and Oral Health and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia

    S. Kumar & J. Kroon

  2. School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia

    M. J. Zimmer-Gembeck

  3. School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia

    R. Lalloo

  4. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia

    N. W. Johnson

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  1. S. Kumar
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  2. M. J. Zimmer-Gembeck
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  3. J. Kroon
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  4. R. Lalloo
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Correspondence to S. Kumar.

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All the authors declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Kumar, S., Zimmer-Gembeck, M.J., Kroon, J. et al. The role of parental rearing practices and family demographics on oral health-related quality of life in children. Qual Life Res 26, 2229–2236 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1568-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1568-7

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