Abstract
We investigate the optical bistability (OB) and optical multi-stability (OM) in a four-level Y-type atomic system. It is found that the optical bistability can strongly be affected by intensity and frequency detuning of coupling and probe fields. The effect of spontaneously generated coherence on phase control of the OB and OM is then discussed. It has also been shown that the optical bistability can be switched to optical multi-stability just by the quantum interference mechanism and relative phase of applied fields.
References
Arun R.: Interference-induced splitting of resonances in spontaneous emission. Phys. Rev. A. 77, 033820 (2008)
Asadpour S.H., Eslami Majd A.: Controlling the optical bistability and transmission coefficient in a four-level atomic medium. J. Lumin. 132, 1477–1482 (2012)
Asadpour S.H., Hamedi H.R., Eslami-Majd A., Sahrai M.: Enhanced Kerr nonlinearity in a tunnel-coupled double quantum wells. Physica E. 44, 464–469 (2011)
Asadpour S.H., Hamedi H.R., Sahrai M.: Phase control of Kerr nonlinearity due to quantum interference in a four-level N-type atomic system. J. Lumin. 132, 2188–2193 (2012)
Atanasov R., Hache A., Hughes J.L.P., van Driel H.M., Sipe J.E.: Coherent control of photocurrent generation in bulk semiconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1703–1706 (1996)
Bergou J., Zhao D.: Effect of a squeezed vacuum input on optical bistability. Phys. Rev. A. 52, 1550–1560 (1995)
Chang H., Wu H., Xie C., Wang H.: Controlled shift of optical bistability hysteresis curve and storage of optical signals in a four-level atomic system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 213901 (2004)
Cheng D., Liu C., Gong S.: Optical bistability and multistability via the effect of spontaneously generated coherence in a three-level ladder-type atomic system. Phys. Lett. A. 332, 244–249 (2004)
Cheng D., Liu C., Gong S.: Optical bistability via amplitude and phase control of a microwave field. Opt. Commun. 263, 111–115 (2006)
Chow W.W., Schneider H.C., Phillips M.C.: Theory of quantum-coherence phenomena in semiconductor quantum dots. Phys. Rev. A. 68, 053802 (2003)
Frogley M.D., Dynes J.F., Beck M., Faist J., Philips C.C.: Gain without inversion in semiconductor nanostructures. Nat. Mater. 5, 175–178 (2006)
Gibbs H.J., Mccall S.L., Venkatesan T.N.C.: differential gain and bistability using a sodium-filled Fabry-Perot interferometer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 36, 1135–1138 (1976)
Gong S.Q., Du S.D., Xu Z.Z., Pan S.H.: Optical bistability via a phase fluctuation effect of the control field. Phys. Lett. A. 222, 237–240 (1996)
Ham B.S., Shariar M.S., Hemmer P.R.: Enhanced nondegenerate four-wave mixing owing to electromagnetically induced transparency in a spectral hole-burning crystal. Opt. Lett. 32, 1138–1140 (1997)
Harris S.E.: Electromagnetically induced transparency. Phys. Today. 50, 36–42 (1997)
Harshawardhan W., Agarwal G.S.: Controlling optical bistability using electromagnetic-field-induced transparency and quantum interferences. Phys. Rev. A. 53, 1812–1817 (1996)
Hassan S.S., Sharaby Y.A.: Mesoscopic multistability with atomic coherence effects. J. Opt. B. 7, s682 (2005)
Hou B.P., Wang S.J., Yu W.L., Sun W.L.: Effect of vacuum-induced coherence on single- and two-photon absorption in a four-level Y-type atomic system. Phys. Rev. A. 69, 053805 (2004)
Ichimura K., Yamamoto K., Gemma N.: Evidence for electromagnetically induced transparency in a solid medium. Phys. Rev. A. 58, 4116–4120 (1998)
Jortner, J., Ratner, M. (eds): Molecular Electronics. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford (1997)
Joshi A., Yang W., Xiao M.: Effect of quantum interference on optical bistability in the three-level V-type atomic system. Phys. Rev. A. 68, 015806 (2003a)
Joshi A., Yang W., Xiao M.: Effect of spontaneously generated coherence on optical bistability in three-level Λ-type atomic system. Phys. Lett. A. 315, 203–207 (2003b)
Kagan D., Friedmann H.: Tunable optical bistability of bichromatic fields interacting with four-level systems. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1182–1189 (1989)
Lee C.R., Li Y.C., Men F.K., Pao C.H., Tsai Y.C., Wang J.F.: Model for an inversionless two-color laser. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 201112 (2005)
Li J.H., Yang X.X.: Optical bistability via tunable Fano-type interference in asymmetric semiconductor quantum wells. Eur. Phys. J. B. 53, 449–454 (2006)
Li G.X., Ke S., Ficek Z.: Generation of pure continuous-variable entangled cluster states of four separate atomic ensembles in a ring cavity. Phys. Rev. A. 79, 033827 (2001)
Li G., Li F.L., Zhu S.: Quantum interference between decay channels of a three-level atom in a multilayer dielectric medium. Phys. Rev. A. 64, 013819 (2001)
Li J.H., Lü X.Y., Luo J.M., Huang Q.J.: Optical bistability and multistability via atomic coherence in an N-type atomic medium. Phys. Rev. A. 74, 035801 (2006)
Li A.J., Song L.X., Wei X.G., Wang L., Gao J.Y.: Effects of spontaneously generated coherence in a microwave-driven four-level atomic system. Phys. Rev. A. 77, 053806 (2008)
Lugiato, L.A.: Progress in Optics. In: Wolf, E. (ed.) vol. 21, p. 71 North Holland, Amsterdam (1984)
Narducci L.M., Doss H.M., Ru P., Scully M.O., Zhu S.Y, Keitel C.: A simple model of a laser without inversion. Opt. Commun. 81, 379–384 (1991)
Nikonov D.E., Imamoglu A., Scully M.O.: Fano interference of collective excitations in semiconductor quantum wells and lasing without inversion. Phys. Rev. B. 59, 12212–12215 (1999)
Prasad P.N., Williams D.J.: Introduction to Nonlinear Optical Effects in Molecules and Polymers. John Wiley & Sons, New York (1991)
Rosenberger A.T., Orozco L.A., Kimble H.J.: intrinsic dynamical instability in optical bistability with two-level atoms. Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 2547–2550 (1983)
Sahrai M., Asadpour S.H., Mahrami H., Sadighi-bonabi R.: Controlling the optical bistability via quantum interference in a four-level N-type atomi csystem. J. Lumin. 131, 1682–1686 (2011)
Wang Z.: Optical bistability via coherent and incoherent fields in an Er3+-doped yttrium–aluminum–garnet crystal. Opt. Commun. 283, 3291–3295 (2010)
Wang Z.: Optical bistability and multistability via quantum interference in an Er3+-doped optical fiber. J. Lumin. 131, 2404–2408 (2011)
Wang Z., Fan H.: Phase-dependent optical bistability and multi stability in a semiconductor quantum wellsystem. J. Lumin. 130, 2084–2088 (2010)
Wang Z., Xu M.: Control of the switch between optical multistability and bistability in three-level V-type atoms. Opt. Commun. 282, 1574–1578 (2009)
Wang H.-H., Du D.-M., Fan Y.-F., Li A.-J., Wang L., Wei X.-G., Kang Z.-H., Jiang Y., Wu J.-H., Gao J.-Y.: Enhanced four-wave mixing by atomic coherence in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 231107 (2008)
Wu J., You X., Zheng L.L.: Controllable optical bistability and multistability in a double two-level atomic system. J. Phys. B. 43, 161003 (2010)
Xiang-an Y., Li-Qiang W., Bao-Yin Y., Jian-Ping S.: Enhanced self-Kerr nonlinearity in spontaneous emission. JOSA B. 26, 1862–1868 (2009)
Xiao Z.-H., Kim K.: Optical bistability using quantum coherence in a microwave-driven four-level atomic system. Opt. Commun. 283, 2178–2181 (2010)
Xin-You L., Jia-Hua L., Ji-Bing L., Jin-Ming L.: Optical bistability via quantum interference in a four-level atomic medium. J. Phys. B. 39, 5161–5171 (2006)
Yamamoto Y.: Efficient source of single photons: a single quantum dot in a micropost microcavity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 233602 (2002)
Zeng Z.-Q., Hou B.-P., Gao Z.-H., Yang Y.-P.: Transient response in a three-level system with the squeezed vacuum. Opt. Rev. 19, 45–49 (2012)
Zhang L.: Effect of correlated noises in an optical bistable system. Phys. Rev. A. 77, 015801–015805 (2008)
Zhang H.F., Wu J.H., Su X.M., Gao J.Y.: Quantum-interference effects on the index of refraction in an Er3+-doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal. Phys. Rev. A. 66, 053816 (2002)
Zhao Y., Wu C., Ham B.S., Kim M.K., Awad E.: Microwave induced transparency in ruby. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 641–644 (1997)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hamedi, H.R., Asadpour, S.H., Sahrai, M. et al. Optical bistability and multi-stability in a four-level atomic scheme. Opt Quant Electron 45, 295–306 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-012-9622-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-012-9622-8