Skip to main content
Log in

Quantized Neural Modeling: Hybrid Quantized Architecture in Elman Networks

  • Published:
Neural Processing Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents a novel neural network model with hybrid quantized architecture to improve the performance of the conventional Elman networks. The quantum gate technique is introduced for solving the pattern mismatch between the inputs stream and one-time-delay state feedback. A quantized back-propagation training algorithm with an adaptive dead zone scheme is developed for providing an optimal or suboptimal tradeoff between the convergence speed and the generalization performance. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the new real time learning algorithm is demonstrated by proving the quantum gate parameter convergence based on Lyapunov method. The numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the accuracy of the theoretical results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Elman JL (1990) Finding structure in time. Cogn Sci 14: 179–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Jordan M (1986) Serial order: a parallel distributed processing approach. ICS Report 8604, Institute of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego

  3. Lee SW, Song HH (1997) New recurrent neural network architecture for visual pattern recognition. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 8(2): 331–340

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Goh WY, Lim CP, Peh KK (2003) Predicting drug dissolution profiles with an ensemble of boosted neural networks: a time series approach. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 14(2): 459–463

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Toqeer RS, Bayindir NS (2003) Speed estimation of an induction motor using Elman neural network. Neurocomputing 55(3–4): 727–730

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Valle-Lisboa JC, Reali F, Anastasa H (2005) Elman topology with sigma–pi units: an application to the modeling of verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia. Neural Netw 18(7): 863–877

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liou C, Huang J, Yang W (2008) Modeling word perception using the Elman network. Neurocomputing 71(16–18): 3150–3157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ardalani-Farsa M, Zolfaghari S (2010) Chaotic time series prediction with residual analysis method using hybrid Elman–NARX neural networks. Neurocomputing 73(13–15): 2540–2553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Song Q, Wu Y, Soh YC (2008) Robust adaptive gradient-descent training algorithm for recurrent neural networks in discrete time domain. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 19(11): 1841–1853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kremer SC (1995) On the computational power of Elman-style recurrent networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 6(4): 1000–1004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang D, Liu X, Ahalt SC (1996) On temporal generalization of simple recurrent networks. Neural Netw 9(7): 1099–1118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Li X, Chen G, Chen Z, Yuan Z (2002) Chaotifying linear Elman networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 13(5): 1193–1199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Deutsch D, Jozsa R (1992) Rapid solution of problems by quantum computation. Proc Math Phys Sci A 439: 553–558

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Ventura D, Martinez T (2000) Quantum associative memory. Inf Sci 124(1): 273–296

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Menneer T, Narayanan A (1995) Quantum-inspired neural networks. Technical Report R329, University of Exeter, Exeter

  16. Kouda N, Matsui N, Nishimura H (2001) Image compression by layered quantum neural networks. Neural Process Lett 16(1): 67–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Kouda N, Matsui N, Nishimura H, Peper F (2005) An examination of qubit neural network in controlling an inverted pendulum. Neural Process Lett 22: 277–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gopathy P, Nicolaos BK (1997) Quantum neural networks (QNN’s): inherently fuzzy feedforward neural networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 8(3): 679–693

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Matsui N, Takai M, Nishimura H (1988) A network model based on qubit-like neuron corresponding to quantum circuit. IEICE J81-A(12):1687–1692

  20. Luitel B, Venayagamoorthy GK (2010) Quantum inspired PSO for the optimization of simultaneous recurrent neural networks as MIMO learning systems. Neural Netw 23: 583–586

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Li PH, Chai Y, Xiong QY (2011) Quantized neuronal modeling: quantum gate structure in Elman networks. In: Proceedings of fourth international workshop on advanced computational intelligence. IEEE Press, Wu Han, pp 315–320

  22. Song Q (2010) On the weight convergence of Elman networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 21(3): 463–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Vidyasagar M (1980) Nonlinear systems analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hammer B, Tino P (2003) Recurrent neural networks with small weights implement definite memory machines. Neurocomputing 15: 1897–1929

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Song Q, Spall J, Soh YC, Ni J (2008) Robust neural network tracking controller using simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 19(5): 817–835

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Phat VN, Botmart T, Niamsupb P (2008) Switching design for exponential stability of a class of nonlinear hybrid time-delay systems. Nonlinear Anal Hybrid Syst 3: 1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Phat VN, Niamsupb P (2010) A novel exponential stability condition of hybrid neural networks with time-varying delay. Vietnam J Math 38: 341–351

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Zames G (1966) On the input–output stability of time-varying nonlinear feedback systems, part I. IEEE Trans Autom Control 11(2): 228–238

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Penghua Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, P., Chai, Y. & Xiong, Q. Quantized Neural Modeling: Hybrid Quantized Architecture in Elman Networks. Neural Process Lett 37, 163–187 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-012-9240-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11063-012-9240-2

Keywords

Navigation