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Strong therapeutic potential of γ-secretase inhibitor MRK003 for CD44-high and CD133-low glioblastoma initiating cells

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Abstract

The Notch signal regulates both cell viability and apoptosis, and maintains stemness of various cancers including glioblastoma (GBM). Although Notch signal inhibition may be an effective strategy in treating GBM initiating cells (GICs), its applicability to the different subtypes of GBM remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the effectiveness of MRK003, a preclinical γ-secretase inhibitor, on GICs. Nine patient-derived GICs were treated by MRK003, and its efficacy on cell viability, apoptosis, sphere forming ability and Akt expression level which might be related to Notch downstream and be greatly important signals in GBM was evaluated. MRK003 suppressed viability and sphere-formation ability, and induced apoptosis in all GICs in varying doses of MRK003. Based on their sensitivities to MRK003, the nine GICs were divided into “relatively sensitive” and “relatively resistant” GICs. Sensitivity to MRK003 was associated with its inhibitory effect on Akt pathway. Transgenic expression of the myristoylated Akt vector in relatively sensitive GICs partially rescued the effect of MRK003, suggesting that the effect of MRK003 was, at least in part, mediated through inhibition of the Akt pathway. These GICs were differentiated by the expression of CD44 and CD133 with flow cytometric analysis. The relatively sensitive GICs are CD44-high and CD133-low. The IC50 of MRK003 in a set of GICs exhibited a negative correlation with CD44 and positive correlation with CD133. Collectively, MRK003 is partially mediated by the Akt pathway and has strong therapeutic potential for CD44-high and CD133-low GICs.

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Funding

This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C-23592117 to M.N.) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Extramural Collaborative Research Grant of Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University (to A.H, and M.M.), Takeda Science Foundation (to M.N.), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas and the Project for Development of Innovative Research on Cancer Therapeutics (to A.H and T.T.) and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (to A.H.).

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All authors disclosed no potential conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan

    Shingo Tanaka, Mitsutoshi Nakada, Yutaka Hayashi & Jun-ichiro Hamada

  2. Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan

    Shingo Tanaka, Daisuke Yamada, Takayuki Hoshii, Yuko Tadokoro, Kumiko Ohta, Mohamed A. E. Ali & Atsushi Hirao

  3. Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Ichiro Nakano

  4. Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Japan

    Tomoki Todo & Yasushi Ino

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  1. Shingo Tanaka
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Correspondence to Mitsutoshi Nakada.

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Tanaka, S., Nakada, M., Yamada, D. et al. Strong therapeutic potential of γ-secretase inhibitor MRK003 for CD44-high and CD133-low glioblastoma initiating cells. J Neurooncol 121, 239–250 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1630-z

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