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Some General Considerations of a Human-Based Medicine’s Palliative Approach to the Vulnerability of the Multiply Disabled Child Before the End of Life

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Abstract

Specificities of situation of individuals with multiple disabilities and pediatric neurological pathologies call for specialized and multi-field competences that are commonly allowed and disallowed in contemporary clinical contexts. However what must be questioned in this matter is not only the meaning of the clinical, social, and human approach that is implemented, but also its spirit. The aim of medicine is double: to offer a technoscientific capacity (to cure as much as it is possible and always relieve suffering) and guarantee the meaning and value of the child’s human and social capacities. We suggest the importance of a medicine always as care-giving whose aim(s) can be either curative or palliative, or even both at the same time with possibilities for moving back and forth between each one, is easily understandable by all professional groups and patients. It is not at the time of the death, at the last moments, that we will be able to introduce what could have given meaning, spirit and comfort in life. It is very early in the life, in the approach of care, to precisely preserve a meaning of life and to take adapted and shared care as a precious tool that we will propose to the patients, to the parents, and to the professionals. Palliative medicine can support a caring and human approach that takes account of the handicapped child’s vulnerabilities not only at the end of his life, but throughout his/her life. The palliative approach and reasoning approach requires a specific, adapted training and the development of shared knowledge. Without giving up the indisputable contributions of the Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM), it is necessary to develop, in a scientific way, what we could call Human-Based Medicine (HBM).

Résumé

Les spécificités des situations de polyhandicap et des pathologies relevant de la neuropédiatrie font appel à des compétences spécialisées et pluridisciplinaires qui sont communément admises et déclinées dans la réalité clinique. Cependant ce qui doit être interrogé dans ce propos est non seulement le sens de la démarche clinique, sociale et humaine mise en œuvre mais aussi son essence. La visée de cette médecine est double : offrir une capacité technoscientifique (guérir tant que faire se peut et soulager toujours) et garantir le sens d’une capacité humaine et sociale. Cette idée d’une médecine toujours soignante dont la visée peut être soit curative, soit palliative, soit même les deux dans le même temps avec des possibilités d’aller et retour entre chacune est facilement audible et compréhensible par l‘ensemble des professionnels comme des entourages et des patients. Ce n’est pas au moment du mourir, des derniers instants que l’on pourra introduire ce qui aurait pu donner sens et confort. C’est très tôt dans la vie, dans la démarche de soin, justement pour préserver un sens de vie et de prendre soin adapté et partagé que l’on proposera aux patients, aux parents, aux professionnels un outil précieux. La médecine palliative peut soutenir une démarche soignante et humaine qui tient compte des vulnérabilités de l’enfant handicapé. Cela pas seulement à la fin de sa vie, mais tout au long de sa vie. Le développement d’une démarche palliative nécessite une formation adaptée spécifique et le développement de connaissances partagées. Sans renoncer aux apports indiscutables des EBM, il est nécessaire de développer de façon scientifique ce que l’on pourrait appeler Human Based Medicine.

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Correspondence to M. L. Viallard.

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Viallard, M.L. Some General Considerations of a Human-Based Medicine’s Palliative Approach to the Vulnerability of the Multiply Disabled Child Before the End of Life. Cult Med Psychiatry 38, 28–34 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-013-9355-6

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