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Validation of the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Chinese Undergraduate Students

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Abstract

Although research on self-efficacy in the gambling literature took place more than 25 years ago, only in the recent decade did researchers attempt to develop valid and reliable measures of gambling-related self-efficacy. Recently Casey et al. (J Gambl Stud 24:229–246, 2008) developed the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GRSEQ) in an Australian sample, which is a valuable tool for gambling research. The first objective of this study is to validate the measure in a new sample. Given that previous research on Chinese’s gamblers’ self-efficacy is lacking, and that related research often used ad-hoc measures of the construct, a second objective of this study is to evaluate whether the GRSEQ is suitable for Chinese people. A sample of 427 university students (56.4 % females, 50.7 % gamblers) answered a questionnaire with measures including the GRSEQ, subjective norms, intentions toward gambling, general self-efficacy, impulsiveness, and pathological gambling symptoms. Evidence was found for the four-factor structure, internal consistency, criterion-related validity, and discriminant validity of the Chinese version of the GRSEQ among this young Chinese group.

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Notes

  1. Scree plot and parallel analysis were used to determine the number of factors as suggested by Fabrigar and Wegener (2012).

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Acknowledgments

This research project was supported by the University of Macau RC Research Grant MYRG040(Y1-L1)-FSH11-TKK.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

    Mark H. C. Lai

  2. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences (FSS), University of Macau, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macao

    Anise M. S. Wu & Kowk Kit Tong

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  1. Mark H. C. Lai
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  2. Anise M. S. Wu
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  3. Kowk Kit Tong
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Correspondence to Anise M. S. Wu.

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Lai, M.H.C., Wu, A.M.S. & Tong, K.K. Validation of the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Chinese Undergraduate Students. J Gambl Stud 31, 243–256 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-013-9412-7

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