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Child and family health in the era of prevention: new opportunities and challenges

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Abstract

To maintain positive health outcomes over the life course, prevention efforts should begin early in childhood. Two research domains that significantly impact the trajectory of health over the life course are childhood obesity and early trauma and violence. Prevention strategies addressing multiple levels of influence are being adopted in these fields. Childhood obesity prevention efforts no longer focus solely on individuals, but embrace multiple ecological levels, such as family, school, and community. Similarly, research on early trauma and violence has broadened to consider risk and protective factors across domains of influence. Although we have improved our understanding and prevention of these two issues, gaps remain in research, practice, and policy. The purpose of this review is to relay relevant findings that could enhance prevention strategies. We describe early life and multilevel risk factors relevant to these areas of research. We also provide recommendations for future efforts to better ensure good health for generations to come.

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Fig. 1

Adapted from Halfon et al. (2014) and Uauy and Solomons (2005)

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Acknowledgments

Funding for effort to develop this manuscript was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grants (P01ES022831), US Environmental Protection Agency (RD-83543701), and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD084487) awarded to B.F.F. The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the US EPA. Further, the US EPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980149, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA

    Bernard F. Fuemmeler

  2. Department of Psychology, College of Mt St Vincent, Bronx, NY, USA

    Pamela Behrman

  3. Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA

    Maija Taylor

  4. Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Rebeccah Sokol

  5. Department of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

    Emily Rothman

  6. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Lisette T. Jacobson

  7. Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA

    Danielle Wischenka

  8. Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA

    Kenneth P. Tercyak

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Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Pamela Behrman, Maija Taylor, Rebeccah Sokol, Emily Rothman, Lisette T. Jacobson, Danielle Wischenka, and Kenneth P. Tercyak declares that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures followed were in accordance with ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Fuemmeler, B.F., Behrman, P., Taylor, M. et al. Child and family health in the era of prevention: new opportunities and challenges. J Behav Med 40, 159–174 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-016-9791-1

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