Abstract
Improving the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 semiconductor is crucially important and highly desired for its practical applications. In the present work, aiming to broaden the photoresponse window and limit the photocatalyst aggregation, we reported the exploration of N-doped TiO2 thoroughly mesoporous nanofibers with high purity in morphology via a foaming-assisted electrospinning strategy. The foaming agents and urea were introduced in the raw materials to create the mesopores and incorporate the N dopants into the conventional solid TiO2 nanofibers, respectively, which could be accomplished simultaneously over one-step calcination process. The synergetic combination of N dopants and one-dimensional mesoporous nanostructure allow the TiO2 fibers to exhibit significantly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity toward the Rhodamine B and hydrogen evolution, as compared to those of N-doped solid and intrinsic thoroughly mesoporous counterparts, suggesting their promising applications in water purification and energy supply.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D.H. Kwon, K.M. Kim, J.H. Jang, J.M. Jeon, M.H. Lee, G.H. Kim, X.S. Li, G.S. Park, B. Lee, S. Han, Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 148–153 (2010)
Q. Xiang, J. Yu, M. Jaroniec, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 6575–6578 (2012)
N. Liu, V. Häublein, X. Zhou, U. Venkatesan, M. Hartmann, M. Mackovic, T. Nakajima, E. Spiecker, A. Osvet, L. Frey, Nano Lett. 15, 6815–6820 (2015)
A. Fujishima, Nature 238, 37–38 (1972)
D. Yang, H. Liu, Z. Zheng, Y. Yuan, J.C. Zhao, E.R. Waclawik, X. Ke, H. Zhu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 17885–17893 (2009)
J. Schneider, M. Matsuoka, M. Takeuchi, J. Zhang, Y. Horiuchi, M. Anpo, D.W. Bahnemann, Chem. Rev. 114, 9919–9986 (2014)
R. Dhabbe, A. Kadam, P. Korake, M. Kokate, P. Waghmare, K. Garadkar, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 26, 554–563 (2015)
H. Hou, F. Gao, L. Wang, M. Shang, Z. Yang, J. Zheng, W. Yang, J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 6276–6281 (2016)
L. Zhang, S. Han, H. Liu, P. Yu, X. Fang, Small 12, 1527–1536 (2016)
N. Lakshminarasimhan, E. Bae, W. Choi, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 15244–15250 (2007)
W. Li, Z. Wu, J. Wang, A.A. Elzatahry, D. Zhao, Chem. Mater. 26, 287–298 (2013)
H.B. Kim, H. Kim, W.I. Lee, D.J. Jang, J. Mater. Chem. A 3, 9714–9721 (2015)
X. Ren, H. Hou, Z. Liu, F. Gao, J. Zheng, L. Wang, T. Wu, Small 12, 4007–4017 (2016)
J.H. Bang, P.V. Kamat, Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 1970–1976 (2010)
W. Zhou, Z. Yin, Y. Du, X. Huang, Z. Zeng, Z. Fan, H. Liu, J. Wang, H. Zhang, Small 9, 140–147 (2013)
T.M. Wandre, P.N. Gaikwad, A.S. Tapase, K.M. Garadkar, S.A. Vanalakar, P.D. Lokhande, P.P. Hankare, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 27, 825–833 (2016)
K. Yang, Y. Dai, B. Huang, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 18985–18994 (2007)
G. Yang, Z. Jiang, H. Shi, T. Xiao, Z. Yan, J. Mater. Chem. 20, 5301–5309 (2010)
M. Zhu, C. Zhai, L. Qiu, C. Lu, A.S. Paton, Y. Du, M.C. Goh, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 3, 3123–3129 (2015)
R. Asahi, T. Morikawa, T. Ohwaki, K. Aoki, Y. Taga, Science 293, 269–271 (2001)
G. Yang, Z. Jiang, H. Shi, T. Xiao, Z. Yan, J. Mater. Chem. 20, 5301–5309 (2010)
J.R. Huang, X. Tan, T. Yu, W.L. Hu, L. Zhao, H. Liu, L. Zhang, Y.L. Zou, ChemElectroChem 2, 1174–1181 (2015)
C. Burda, Y. Lou, X. Chen, A.C. Samia, J. Stout, J.L. Gole, Nano Lett. 3, 1049–1051 (2003)
V.J. Babu, A.S. Nair, Z. Peining, S. Ramakrishna, Mater. Lett. 65, 3064–3068 (2011)
H. Li, W. Zhang, S. Huang, W. Pan, Nanoscale 4, 801–806 (2012)
T. Lindgren, J.M. Mwabora, E. Avendano, J. Jonsson, A. Hoel, C.G. Granqvist, S.E. Lindquist, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 5709–5716 (2003)
T.C. Jagadale, S.P. Takale, R.S. Sonawane, H.M. Joshi, S.I. Patil, B.B. Kale, S.B. Ogale, J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 14595–14602 (2008)
B. Chi, L. Zhao, T. Jin, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 6189–6193 (2007)
H. Hou, L. Wang, F. Gao, G. Wei, B. Tang, W. Yang, T. Wu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 16716–16719 (2014)
Z. Jiang, F. Yang, N. Luo, B.T. Chu, D. Sun, H. Shi, T. Xiao, P.P. Edwards, Chem. Commun. 47, 6372–6374 (2008)
Z. Xiong, X.S. Zhao, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 5754–5757 (2012)
B. Erdem, R.A. Hunsicker, G.W. Simmons, E.D. Sudol, V.L. Dimonie, M.S. El-Aasser, Langmuir 17, 2664–2669 (2001)
J. Fang, F. Wang, K. Qian, H. Bao, Z. Jiang, W. Huang, J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 18150–18156 (2008)
Y. Huo, Y. Jin, J. Zhu, H. Li, Appl. Catal. B 89, 543–550 (2009)
P. Romero-Gomez, V. Rico, A. Borras, A. Barranco, J. Espinos, J. Cotrino, A. Gonzalez-Elipe, J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 13341–13351 (2009)
C. Di Valentin, G. Pacchioni, A. Selloni, S. Livraghi, E. Giamello, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 11414–11419 (2005)
T. Ohsaka, F. Izumi, Y. Fujiki, J. Raman Spectrosc. 7, 321–324 (1978)
H. Ma, J. Yang, Y. Dai, Y. Zhang, B. Lu, G. Ma, Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 7497–7500 (2007)
G. Liu, H.G. Yang, X. Wang, L. Cheng, J. Pan, G.Q. Lu, H.-M. Cheng, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 12868–12869 (2009)
S.G. Kumar, L.G. Devi, J. Phys. Chem. A 115, 13211–13241 (2011)
C. Tian, Q. Zhang, A. Wu, M. Jiang, Z. Liang, B. Jiang, H. Fu, Chem. Commun. 48, 2858–2860 (2012)
X. Zhang, Y. Zhu, X. Yang, S. Wang, J. Shen, B. Lin, C. Li, Nanoscale 5, 3359–3366 (2013)
S. Livraghi, M.C. Paganini, E. Giamello, A. Selloni, C. Di Valentin, G. Pacchioni, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 15666–15671 (2006)
S. Banerjee, S.C. Pillai, P. Falaras, K.E. O’Shea, J.A. Byrne, D.D. Dionysiou, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5, 2543–2554 (2014)
H. Hou, L. Wang, F. Gao, G. Wei, J. Zheng, B. Tang, W. Yang, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 39, 6837–6844 (2014)
H. Liu, H. Hou, F. Gao, X. Yao, W. Yang, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8, 1929–1936 (2016)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. 51372122, 51372123, 51572133 and 51602163), Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (No. 2015M581966), W. M. Wang Entrepreneurial Foundation (Grant No. 2015001) and Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Municipal Government (Grant Nos. 2016A610102 and 2016A610108).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hou, H., Gao, F., Shang, M. et al. Enhanced visible-light responsive photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2 thoroughly mesoporous nanofibers. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 3796–3805 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5990-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5990-3