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Effect of air annealing on the structure, dielectric and magnetic properties of (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles

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Abstract

After our discovery of room temperature ferromagnetism in the (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles by co-precipitation method, we successfully annealed all (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 diluted magnetic nanoparticles in air at 800 °C. The effect of annealing on dielectric and magnetic properties of (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 diluted magnetic nanoparticles was investigated. The as-synthesized (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles were annealed in air at 800 °C for 2 h in an electric furnace. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss values of all (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 samples decrease whereas, the electrical conductivity value increased with an increase in Ni co-doped concentration. Room temperature ferromagnetic behavior was observed in (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 samples. Increasing the Ni content up to 2 % leads to an increase ferromagnetic behavior and beyond that the ferromagnetic behavior decreased. A comparative study shows that (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles annealed in air at 800 °C have an excellent dielectric, magnetic properties and higher electrical conductivity than that of the (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 annealed in air at 600 °C, indicating that these nanoparticles can be used for high frequency devices, ultrahigh dielectric materials and spintronics.

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Acknowledgments

Rajwali Khan and Zulfiqar would like to thank to the Department of Physics, Zhejiang University China; and Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe for providing some experimental facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China

    Rajwali Khan

  2. Departments of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan

    Zulfiqar

  3. Department of Physics, Islamia College, Peshawar, KPK, 25000, Pakistan

    Muneeb-Ur Rahman

  4. Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan

    Zia-Ur Rehman

  5. Department of Materials Science and Technology, Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe

    Simbarashe Fashu

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  1. Rajwali Khan
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Khan, R., Zulfiqar, Rahman, MU. et al. Effect of air annealing on the structure, dielectric and magnetic properties of (Co, Ni) co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 27, 10532–10540 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5144-7

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