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Monitoring of Aqueous Fullerene Dispersions by Thermal-Lens Spectrometry

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Abstract

Aqueous fullerene solutions (dispersions) are very promising materials of biomedicine and biotechnology. Of importance are the traceability of their production and characterization of their optical and colloidal properties. Thermal-lens spectrometry, as a method suitable for both optical and thermophysical studies, was used to elucidate the forms of non-modified fullerenes in their aqueous dispersions and to determine low concentrations of \(\hbox {C}_{60}\) and \(\hbox {C}_{70}\) fullerenes. It was shown that the residual amounts of toluene in aqueous fullerene dispersions made according to the solvent-exchange protocol could be detected by thermal lensing. As a result, the technique for the production of aqueous fullerene dispersions was improved compared to the existing data providing higher fullerene concentrations. The limits of detection of \(\hbox {C}_{60}\) and \(\hbox {C}_{70}\) fullerenes are approximately \(100\,\hbox {ng}{\cdot }\hbox {mL}^{-1}\), which are 20-fold lower compared to conventional spectrophotometry. The distinction between aqueous fullerene dispersions in comparison with organic solutions of fullerenes caused by the formation of large clusters is shown by the comparison of transient and steady-state calibration curves for aqueous and organic fullerene solutions and model reference systems under various thermal-lens excitation conditions. The advantages of thermal lensing for such colloidal systems are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Grant No. 12-03-00653-a and by the Grant for Leading Scientific Schools in Russia. We are grateful to Agilent Technologies Russia and to its head Dr. Konstantin Evdokimov for providing the Agilent equipment used in this study. We are also grateful to Dr. P.I. Semenyuk at the A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology of the Moscow State University for dynamic light scattering data and to Dr. A.A. Bendryshev for LC–MS measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Analytical Chemistry Division–Analytical Centre, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills d. 1 Str. 3, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    I. V. Mikheev, D. S. Volkov, M. A. Proskurnin & M. V. Korobov

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  1. I. V. Mikheev
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  2. D. S. Volkov
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  3. M. A. Proskurnin
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  4. M. V. Korobov
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Correspondence to I. V. Mikheev.

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Mikheev, I.V., Volkov, D.S., Proskurnin, M.A. et al. Monitoring of Aqueous Fullerene Dispersions by Thermal-Lens Spectrometry. Int J Thermophys 36, 956–966 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-014-1814-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-014-1814-y

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