Abstract
Among Neotropical fish fauna, the South American killifish genus Austrolebias (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) constitutes an excellent model to study the genomic evolutionary processes underlying speciation events. Recently, unusually large genome size has been described in 16 species of this genus, with an average DNA content of about 5.95 ± 0.45 pg per diploid cell (mean C-value of about 2.98 pg). In the present paper we explore the possible origin of this unparallel genomic increase by means of comparative analysis of the repetitive components using NGS (454-Roche) technology in the lowest and highest Rivulidae genomes. Here, we provide the first annotated Rivulidae-repeated sequences composition and their relative repetitive fraction in both genomes. Remarkably, the genomic proportion of the moderately repetitive DNA in Austrolebias charrua genome represents approximately twice (45 %) of the repetitive components of the highly related rivulinae taxon Cynopoecilus melanotaenia (25 %). Present work provides evidence about the impact of the repeat families that could be distinctly proliferated among sublineages within Rivulidae fish group, explaining the great genome size differences encompassing the differentiation and speciation events in this family.
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Acknowledgments
This work was partially supported by Dedicación Total_ Project (UdelaR, Uruguay) and Fondo Clemente Estable_1_2011_1_6784 (Agencia Nacional Investigación e Innovación, Uruguay) Project to G.G. We thank M. Vaio for your assistance in the RepeatExplorer processing data. G.G. and V.G. acknowledge the support of Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (ANII, Uruguay). The present paper version was improved incorporating the valuables suggestions furnished by two anonymous Reviewers.
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Electronic Supplementary Material 2. Major moderately cluster Repeats detected in D. rerio in the RepeatExplorer analysis. (DOCX 12 kb)
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García, G., Ríos, N. & Gutiérrez, V. Next-generation sequencing detects repetitive elements expansion in giant genomes of annual killifish genus Austrolebias (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae). Genetica 143, 353–360 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-015-9834-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-015-9834-5