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Acute toxicity of selected organic pollutants to saltwater (mysid Siriella armata) and freshwater (cladoceran Daphnia magna) ecotoxicological models

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Abstract

The acute toxicity of three organophosphate pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, pirimiphos-methyl) two chlorinated biocides (endosulfan, pentachlorophenol) and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac) was tested on <24 h neonates of saltwater mysidacea (Siriella armata) in laboratory acute toxicity test. The 50 and 10 % lethal effective concentrations (LC50 and LC10), NOEC and LOEC values were calculated. The three organophosphate pesticides showed an apparently biphasic dose–response profile, supporting that its mechanism of action in crustaceans differ from other organic compounds. The biphasic pattern of response was confirmed using the common aquatic ecotoxicological model Daphnia magna. According to the 96-h LC50 values for S. armata, the ranking of toxicity was chlorpyrifos (0.13 µg/L) < pirimiphos-methyl (1.3 µg/L) < endosulfan (3.2 µg/L) < diazinon (4.03 µg/L) < pentachlorophenol (262.2 µg/L) < diclofenac (2919 µg/L). In general, mysids resulted at least one order of magnitude more sensitive than model daphnia, which stresses the need for using marine species for the derivation of seawater quality standards.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are grateful to Dr. M. A. Murado, for his assistance with mathematical methods. We wish to thank also the staff of Estación de Ciencias Mariñas de Toralla (ECIMAT), mainly E. Poza and R. Gómez for the collection of mysids, and D. Costas and A. Freire for their technical assistance. This study was partially funded by the Spanish Government through the Research Project CTM 2013-48194-C3-3-R. One of us (S. P.) was supported by a Lucas Labrada contract from the Galician Government (INCITE, Xunta de Galicia).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo ECOCOST, Estación de Ciencias Mariñas de Toralla (ECIMAT), Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla, 36331, Vigo, Galicia, Spain

    Sara Pérez & Ricardo Beiras

  2. Control y estudio de la contaminación marina, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, 36390, Vigo, Galicia, Spain

    Diego Rial

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  1. Sara Pérez
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Correspondence to Sara Pérez.

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Pérez, S., Rial, D. & Beiras, R. Acute toxicity of selected organic pollutants to saltwater (mysid Siriella armata) and freshwater (cladoceran Daphnia magna) ecotoxicological models. Ecotoxicology 24, 1229–1238 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-015-1489-6

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