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Modulatory effects of Terminalia arjuna against domoic acid induced toxicity in Caco-2 cell line

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Abstract

Domoic acid is a potent marine algal toxin produced by diatomic genus of Pseudo-nitzschia causing amnesic shell fish poisoning. Domoic acid toxicosis mainly involves excitotoxic effects coupled with oxidative stress. The present study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna (TA) against domoic acid induced toxic effects in Caco-2 cell line. It was observed that the toxicity induced by domoic acid in Caco-2 cells was mediated by oxidative insult leading to morphological changes, DNA damage and apoptosis. In our study pre-treatment of the cells with TA (10, 20 and 30 μg/ml) showed significant protection against domoic acid induced morphological, oxidative and apoptotic damages in a dose dependent manner. The effect of phytocompounds present in TA viz., kaempferol and arjungenin showed significant protection against domoic acid induced toxicity in Caco-2 cell line. Hence, it could be inferred that the protective effect of TA extract against domoic acid induced toxicity could be due to the individual or synergistic effects of kaempferol and argungenin. However, further clinical studies are warranted to consider TA as a natural remedy to prevent amnesic shell fish poisoning.

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Abbreviations

TA:

Terminalia arjuna hydro-alcoholic extract

MMP:

Mitochondrial membrane potential

DAPI:

2-(4-amidinophenyl)-1H -indole-6-carboxamidine

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

NO:

Nitric Oxide

CAT:

Catalase

GR:

Glutathione reductase

ABTS:

2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to Director, DFRL, Mysore for providing constant guidance, encouragement and necessary facilities during this investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Nutrition Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO), Mysore, 570011, India

    E. M. Ramya, G. Phani Kumar & K. R. Anilakumar

  2. Biochemistry and Nanosciences Division, DFRL, Mysore, 570011, India

    T. Anand

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  1. E. M. Ramya
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  2. G. Phani Kumar
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  3. T. Anand
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  4. K. R. Anilakumar
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Correspondence to G. Phani Kumar.

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Ramya, E.M., Kumar, G.P., Anand, T. et al. Modulatory effects of Terminalia arjuna against domoic acid induced toxicity in Caco-2 cell line. Cytotechnology 69, 725–739 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-017-0080-9

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