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Evaluation of genetic characteristics of wild and cultured populations of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii by using AFLP markers

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Abstract

Genetic characteristics of four wild (Mie, Fukui, Shimane and Nagasaki) and five cultured populations (selectively bred for 12 years with an origin of Ehime population) of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii, were evaluated by using AFLP markers. Six primer pairs generated 1019 loci in total, among which 45.2–55.1 % was polymorphic among populations. Although there was no significant difference in gene diversity between wild (0.170–0.174) and cultured (0.158–0.173) populations, genetic relatedness in cultured populations (0.316–0.450) was about three times higher than that in wild populations (0.110–0.165). In addition, genetic differentiation was about twenty times larger in cultured populations (Nei’s distance: 0.0111) than in wild populations (Nei’s distance: 0.0005). These results mean that selective breeding can cause marked inbreeding as well as large genetic differentiation among cultured populations in a short period. On the other hand, it was suggested that genetic homogenization in the wild, probably due to a large-scale transport of cultured oysters, had progressed in the sea around Japan. In conclusion, it is necessary to prevent inbreeding by the reconsideration of the style of selective breeding in cultured populations, while the escape of gametes or spats of cultured strains in the wild should be avoided for the preservation of genetic characteristics in native populations of P. f. martensii.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ms Yamamoto for cooperating to collect samples and Dr. Hideo Aoki for helpful suggestions on the manuscript. We also express sincere thanks to two anonymous reviewers for the critical comments and useful suggestions that have helped us to improve our manuscript considerably. This study was supported by the research fund of Japanese Government, Ministry of Aquaculture, Forestry and Fisheries during 2010–2012. The title of fund is “A research program aimed at utilizing advanced technologies in agriculture, forestry and fisheries: MAFF, Japan” (No. #22065).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan

    T. Miyake, T. Ishikawa, A. Komaru & K. Kawamura

  2. Mie Prefectural Sea Faming Center, 3564-1 Hamajima-cho, Shima, Mie, 517-0404, Japan

    K. Isowa

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  1. T. Miyake
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  2. K. Isowa
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  3. T. Ishikawa
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  4. A. Komaru
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  5. K. Kawamura
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Correspondence to K. Kawamura.

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Miyake, T., Isowa, K., Ishikawa, T. et al. Evaluation of genetic characteristics of wild and cultured populations of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii by using AFLP markers. Aquacult Int 24, 537–548 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9943-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9943-2

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