Abstract
An alkalitolerant actinomycete strain, designated B32T, was isolated from a Saharan soil sample collected from Adrar province (South of Algeria), and then investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The strain was observed to produce short chains of spores on the dichotomous branched aerial mycelium and formed a fragmented substrate mycelium. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was found to be 0–5 % (w/v) and the optimum growth temperature and pH were found to be 25–35 °C and 7.0–10.0 °C, respectively. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was identified as meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinones of strain B32T were identified as MK-10 (H4) and MK-11 (H4). The major fatty acids were found to be iso-C16:0 and anteiso-C15:0. The diagnostic phospholipids detected were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The chemotaxonomic properties of strain B32T are consistent with those shared by members of the genus Nocardiopsis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain B32T is most closely related to Nocardiopsis alba DSM 43377T (98.7 %), Nocardiopsis lucentensis DSM 44048T (98.6 %), Nocardiopsis aegyptia DSM 44442T (98.6 %), Nocardiopsis sinuspersici HM6T (98.6 %) and Nocardiopsis arvandica HM7T (98.5 %). However, the DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain B32T and the closely related type strains were 17.9, 14.6, 31.1, 27.1 and 14.1 %, respectively. Based on the combined genotypic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that strain B32T should be classified as representative of a novel species, for which the name Nocardiopsis algeriensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B32T (=DSM 45462T = CECT 8712T).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Becker B, Lechevalier MP, Gordon RE, Lechevalier HA (1964) Rapid differentiation between Nocardia and Streptomyces by paper chromatography of whole-cell hydrolysates. J Appl Microbiol 12:421–423
Cashion P, Hodler-Franklin MA, McCully J, Franklin M (1977) A rapid method for base ratio determination of bacterial DNA. Anal Biochem 81:461–466
Chun J, Bae KS, Moon EY, Jung SO, Lee HK, Kim SJ (2000) Nocardiopsis kunsanensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic actinomycete isolated from a saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1909–1913
Coenye T, Falsen E, Vancanneyt M, Hoste B, Govan JR, Kersters K, Vandamme P (1999) Classification of Alcaligenes faecalis-like isolates from the environment and human clinical samples as Ralstonia gilardii sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:405–413
De Ley J, Cattoir H, Reynaerts A (1970) The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12:133–142
Felsenstein J (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791
Goodfellow M (1971) Numerical taxonomy of some nocardioform bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 69:33–90
Gordon RE, Barnett DA (1977) Resistance to rifampicin and lysozyme of strains of some species of Mycobacterium and Nocardia as a taxonomic tool. Int J Syst Bacteriol 27:176–178
Gordon RE, Barnett DA, Handerhan JE, Pang CHN (1974) Nocardia coeliaca, Nocardia autotrophica, and the nocardin strain. Int J Syst Bacteriol 24:54–63
Grund E, Kroppenstedt RM (1990) Chemotaxonomy and numerical taxonomy of the genus Nocardiopsis. Int J Syst Bacteriol 40:5–11
Huss VAR, Festl H, Schleifer KH (1983) Studies on the spectrophotometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Syst Appl Microbiol 4:184–192
Jukes TH, Cantor CR (1969) Evolution of protein molecules. In: Munro HN (ed) Mammalian protein metabolism, vol 3. Academic Press, New York, pp 21–132
Kelly KL, Judd DB (1976) Color. Universal language and dictionary of names (National Bureau of Standards special publication 440). US Department of Commerce, Washington, DC
Kim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K, Yoon SH, Kim M, Na H, Park SC, Jeon YS, Lee JH, Yi H, Won S, Chun J (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716–721
Kroppenstedt RM (1982) Separation of bacterial menaquinones by HPLC using reverse phase (RP18) and a silver loaded ion exchanger as stationary phases. J Liq Chromatogr 5:2359–2367
Kroppenstedt RM (1985) Fatty acid and menaquinone analysis of actinomycetes and related organisms. In: Goodfellow M, Minnikin DE (eds) Chemical methods in bacterial systematics. Academic Press, London, pp 173–179
Kroppenstedt RM (1992) The genus Nocardiopsis. In: Balows A, Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer KH (eds) The Prokaryotes, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, pp 1139–1156
Kroppenstedt RM, Evtushenko LI (2006) The family Nocardiopsaceae. In: Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer KH, Stackebrandt E (eds) The Prokaryotes: a Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria, vol 3, 3rd edn. Springer, New York, pp 754–795
Larkin MA, Blackshields G, Brown NP, Chenna R, McGettigan PA, McWilliam H, Valentin F, Wallace IM, Wilm A, Lopez R, Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Higgins DG (2007) CLUSTALW and CLUSTALX version 2. Bioinformatics 23:2947–2948
Lechevalier MP, Lechevalier HA (1970) Chemical composition as a criterion in the classification of aerobic actinomycetes. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:435–444
Lechevalier MP, de Bièvre C, Lechevalier HA (1977) Chemotaxonomy of aerobic actinomycetes: phospholipid composition. Biochem Syst Ecol 5:249–260
Marchal N, Bourdon JL, Richard CL (1987) Les milieux de culture pour l’isolement et l’identification biochimique des bactéries. Doin Press, Paris
Meyer J (1976) Nocardiopsis, a new genus of the order Actinomycetales. Int J Syst Bacteriol 26:487–493
Minnikin DE, O’Donnell AG (1984) Actinomycete envelope lipid and peptidoglycan composition. In: Goodfellow M, Mordarski M, Williams ST (eds) The biology of the actinomycetes. Academic Press, London, pp 337–388
Minnikin DE, Patel PV, Alshamaony L, Goodfellow M (1977) Polar lipid composition in the classification of Nocardia and related bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 27:104–117
Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey N, Kroppenstedt RM, Stackebrandt E (1996) The genus Nocardiopsis represents a phylogenetically coherent taxon and a distinct actinomycete lineage: proposal of Nocardiopsaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:1088–1092
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
Sasser M (1990) Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids. Technical note 101. Microbial ID, Newark
Shirling EB, Gottlieb D (1966) Methods for characterization of Streptomyces species. Int J Syst Bacteriol 16:313–340
Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739
Wayne LG, Brenner DJ, Colwell RR, Grimont PAD, Kandler O, Krichevsky MI, Moore LH, Moore WEC, Murray RGE, Stackebrandt E, Starr MP, Trüper HG (1987) International committee on systematic bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on the reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematic. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464
Acknowledgments
We would like to gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Gabriele Pötter and Bettina Sträubler (both at DSMZ).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bouras, N., Meklat, A., Zitouni, A. et al. Nocardiopsis algeriensis sp. nov., an alkalitolerant actinomycete isolated from Saharan soil. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107, 313–320 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0329-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0329-7