Abstract
Two moderately halophilic, facultatively aerobic, motile bacteria with flagella, designated strains 10-C-3T and 30-C-3, were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Cells of the strains were observed to be ovoid-rods showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions and production of creamy-pink pigments. Growth of strain 10-C-3T was observed at 15–35 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5), and in the presence of 3–15 % (w/v) salts (optimum: 5–10 %). The two strains were found to contain C18:1 ω7c, C16:0, summed feature 3 (as defined by the MIDI system, comprising C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), and C12:0 3-OH as the major cellular fatty acids. The G+C contents of the genomic DNA of strains 10-C-3T and 30-C-3 were determined to be 63.2 and 63.1 mol%, respectively and the respiratory quinone detected was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) only. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains 10-C-3Tand 30-C-3 formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the genus Halomonas and are most closely related to Halomonas fontilapidosi 5CRT with 95.2 % of 16S rRNA sequence similarity. Strains 10-C-3Tand 30-C-3 shared 99.2 % of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and their DNA–DNA relatedness value was 96.6 ± 0.9 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strains 10-C-3Tand 30-C-3 represent a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas cibimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 10-C-3T (= KACC 14932T = JCM 16914T).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anan’ina LN, Plotnikova EG, Gavrish E, Demakov VA, Evtushenko LI (2007) Salinicola socius gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a naphthalene-utilizing microbial association. Microbiolgy 76:369–376
Arahal DR, Ventosa A (2006) The family Halomonadaceae. In: Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer K-H, Stackebrandt E (eds) The prokaryotes: a handbook on the biology of bacteria, vol 6, 3rd edn. Springer, New York, pp 811–835
Arahal DR, Castillo AM, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (2002) Proposal of Cobetia marina gen. nov., comb. nov., within the family Halomonadaceae, to include the species Halomonas marina. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:207–211
Arahal DR, Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Mormile MR, Tindall BJ, Oren A, Béjar V, Quesada E, Ventosa A (2007) Recommended minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Halomonadaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2436–2446
Arenas M, Bañón PI, Copa-Patiño JL, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A, Soliveri J (2009) Halomonas ilicicola sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:578–582
Ben Ali Gam Z, Abdelkafi S, Casalot L, Tholozan JL, Oueslati R, Labat M (2007) Modicisalibacter tunisiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an oilfield-water injection sample, and emended description of the family Halomonadaceae Franzmann et al. 1989 emend Dobson and Franzmann 1996 emend. Ntougias et al. 2007. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2307–2313
DeSantis TZ, Hugenholtz P, Keller K, Brodie EL, Larsen N, Piceno YM, Phan R, Andersen GL (2006) NAST: a multiple sequence alignment server for comparative analysis of 16S rRNA genes. Nucleic Acids Res 34:394–399
Euzéby JP (2012) List of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature. http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/
Felsenstein J (2002) PHYLIP (phylogeny inference package), version 3.6a, Seattle: Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Franzmann PD, Burton HR, McMeekin TA (1987) Halomonas subglaciescola, a new species of halotolerant bacteria isolated from Antarctica. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:27–34
Garriga M, Ehrmann MA, Arnau J, Hugas M, Vogel RF (1998) Carnimonas nigrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterial causative agent for black spot formation on cured meat products. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:677–686
Gonzalez JM, Saiz-Jimenez C (2002) A fluorimetric method for the estimation of G+C mol% content in microorganisms by thermal denaturation temperature. Environ Microbiol 4:770–773
González-Domenech CM, Martínez-Checa F, Quesada E, Béjar V (2009) Halomonas fontilapidosi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1290–1296
Guan TW, Xiao J, Zhao K, Luo XX, Zhang XP, Zhang LL (2010) Halomonas xinjiangensis sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:349–752
Guzmán D, Quillaguamán J, Muñoz M, Hatti-Kaul R (2010) Halomonas andesensis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from the saline lake Laguna Colorada in Bolivia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:749–753
Jung JY, Kim JM, Jin HM, Kim SY, Park W, Jeon CO (2011) Litorimonas taeanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a sandy beach. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 61:1534–1538
Kaye JZ, Márquez MC, Ventosa A, Baross JA (2004) Halomonas neptunia sp. nov., Halomonas sulfidaeris sp. nov., Halomonas axialensis sp. nov. and Halomonas hydrothermalis sp. nov.: halophilic bacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal-vent environments. Int J Syst Bacteriol 54:499–511
Kim JM, Lee HJ, Kim SY, Song JJ, Park W, Jeon CO (2010) Analysis of fine-scale population structure of “Candidatus accumulibacter phosphatis” using fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometric sorting in enhanced biological phosphorus removal sludge. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:3825–3835
Kim MS, Roh SW, Bae JW (2011) Halomonas jeotgali sp. nov., a new moderate halophilic bacterium isolated from a traditional fermented seafood. J Microbiol 48:404–410
Kim OS, Cho Y-J, Lee K, Yoon S-H, Kim M, Na H, Park S-C, Jeon YS, Lee J-H, Yi H, Won S, Chun J (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716–721
Komagata K, Suzuki K (1987) Lipid and cell-wall analysis in bacterial systematics. Methods Microbiol 19:161–208
Lee SH, Shim JK, Kim JM, Choi HK, Jeon CO (2011) Henriciella litoralis sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat, transfer of Maribaculum marinum Lai et al. 2009 to the genus Henriciella as Henriciella aquimarina nom. nov. and emended description of the genus Henriciella. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 61:722–727
Lim J-M, Yoon JH, Lee J-C, Jeon CO, Park D-J, Sung C, Kim C-J (2004) Halomonas koreensis sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:2037–2042
Lu S, Park M, Ro H-S, Lee DS, Park W, Jeon CO (2006) Analysis of microbial communities using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches in an anaerobic/aerobic SBR reactor. J Microbiol 44:155–161
Mata JA, Martinez-Canovas J, Quesada E, Bejar V (2002) A detailed phenotypic characterisation of the type strains of Halomonas species. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:360–375
Mellado E, Moore ERB, Nieto JJ, Ventosa A (1995) Phylogenetic inferences and taxonomic consequences of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparison of Chromohalobacter marismortui, Volcaniella eurihalina, and Deleya salina and reclassification of V. eurihalina as Halomonas eurihalina comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:712–716
Minnikin DE, Patel PV, Alshamaony L, Goodfellow M (1977) Polar lipid composition in the classification of Nocardia and related bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 27:104–117
Ntougias S, Zervakis GI, Fasseas C (2007) Halotalea alkalilenta gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmotolerant and alkalitolerant bacterium from alkaline olive mill wastes, and emended description of the family Halomonadaceae Franzmann et al. 1989, emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1975–1983
Okamoto T, Taguchi H, Nakamura K, Ikenaga H, Kuraishi H, Yamasato K (1993) Zymobacter palmae gen. nov., sp. nov., a new ethanol-fermenting peritrichous bacterium isolated from palm sap. Arch Microbiol 160:333–337
Ostle AG, Holt JG (1982) Nile blue A as a fluorescent stain for poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. Appl Environ Microbiol 44:238–241
Reddy GSN, Raghavan PUM, Sarita NB, Prakash JSS, Nagesh N, Delie D, Shivaji S (2003) Halomonas glaciei sp. nov. isolated from fast ice of Adelie Land Antarctica. Extremophiles 7:55–61
Rodríguez-Valera F, Ruiz-Berraquero F, Ramos-Cormenzana A (1981) Characteristics of the heterotrophic bacterial populations in hypersaline environments of different salt concentrations. Microb Ecol 7:235–243
Romanenko LA, Schumann P, Rohde M, Mikhailov VV, Stackebrandt E (2002) Halomonas halocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from the marine ascidian Halocynthia aurantium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1767–1772
Rosselló-Mora R, Amann R (2001) The species concept for prokaryotes. FEMS Microbiol Rev 25:39–67
Sánchez-Porro C, de la Haba RR, Soto-Ramírez MC, Márquez C, Montalvo-Rodríguez R, Ventosa A (2009) Description of Kushneria aurantia gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Halomonadaceae, and a proposal for reclassification of Halomonas marisflavi as Kushneria marisflavi comb. nov., of Halomonas indalinina as Kushneria indalinina comb. nov. and of Halomonas avicenniae as Kushneria avicenniae comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:397–405
Sasser M (1990) Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids, MIDI technical note 101. MIDI Inc, Newark
Stamatakis A, Ott M, Ludwig T (2005) RAxML-OMP: An efficient program for phylogenetic inference on SMPs. In Proceedings of 8th international conference on parallel computing technologies (PaCT2005), lecture notes in computer science, vol 3506. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, pp 88–302
Ventosa A, Quesada E, Rodríguez-Valera F, Ruíz-Berraquero F, Ramos-Cormenzana A (1982) Numerical taxonomy of moderately halophilic Gram-negative rods. J Gen Microbiol 128:1959–1968
Ventosa A, Gutierrez MC, Garcia MT, Ruiz-Berraquero F (1989) Classification of “Chromobacterium marismortui” in a new genus, Chromohalobacter gen. nov., as Chromohalobacter marismortui comb. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:382–386
Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Oren A (1998) Biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:504–544
Vincenzini M, De Philippis R, Sill C, Materassi R (1990) A novel exopolysaccharide from a filamentous cyanobacterium: production, chemical characterization and rheological properties. In: Dawes EA (ed) Novel biodegradable microbial polymers. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 295–310
Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Martin EL, Elliot E (1980) Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt-tolerant bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 30:485–495
Wang Y, Tang SK, Lou K, Lee JC, Jeon CO, Xu LH, Kim CJ, Li WJ (2009) Aidingimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:3088–3094
Wang C-Y, Wu S-J, Ng C–C, Tzeng W-S, Shyu Y-T (2012) Halomonas beimenensis sp. nov., isolated from Beimen, an abandoned saltern in southern Taiwan. Int J Syst Bacteriol. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.036871-0
Yoon JH, Lee KC, Kho YH, Kang KH, Kim CJ, Park YH (2002) Halomonas alimentaria sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:123–130
Acknowledgments
These efforts were supported by the Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry (TDPAF) of the Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and the project on survey and excavation of Korean indigenous species of the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) under the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jeong, S.H., Lee, J.H., Jung, J.Y. et al. Halomonas cibimaris sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 103, 503–512 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9832-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9832-x