Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency dividers using dual-resonance resonator

  • Published:
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper exploits the application of dual-resonance LC resonator in the design of wide-locking-range injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs). The tail-injection and direct-injection divide-by-3 ILFD circuits in a standard CMOS process are realized with a pair of cross-coupled nMOSFETs with a dual-resonance LC-resonator. The locking range enhancement techniques such as linear mixer and quality-factor degradation are used to design wide-locking range divide-by-3 ILFD. At the incident power of 0 dBm the locking range of the divide-by-3 ILFD is 4.6 GHz (43.3 %), from the incident frequency 8.3 to 12.9 GHz.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Razavi, B. (2004). A study of injection locking and pulling in oscillators. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 39(9), 1415–1424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Adler, R. (1946). A study of locking phenomena in oscillators. Proceedings of the IRE, 34, 351–357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wu, H., & Zhang, L. (2006, February). A 16-to-18 GHz 0.18 μm epi-CMOS divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider, In IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference-Digest of Technical Papers (pp. 27–29).

  4. Jang, S.-L., Shih, C.-C., Chang, C.-W., Liu, C.-C., & Huang, J.-F. (2010). A dual-band divide-by-2 injection locked frequency divider in 0.35 μm SiGe BiCMOS. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 52, 2762–2765.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jang, S.-L., Wu, Z.-H., Hsue, C.-W., & Teng, H.-F. (2013). Wide-locking range dual-band injection-locked frequency divider. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 55(10), 2333–2337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Jang, S.-L., Shih, C.-C., Liu, C.-C., & Juang, M.-H. (2011). CMOS injection-locked frequency divider with two series-LC resonators. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 53, 290–293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Jang, S.-L., Chang, C.-W., Wun, J.-Y., & Juang, M.-H. (2011). Quadrature injection-locked frequency dividers using dual-resonance resonator. IEEE on Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 21(1), 37–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chang, C.-W., Jang, S.-L., Huang, C.-W., & Shih, C.-C. (2011). Dual-resonance LC-tank frequency divider implemented with switched varactor bias, In IEEE International Symposium on VLSI- DAT (pp. 1–4).

  9. Jang, S.-L., Huang, L.-Y., Hsue, C.-W., & Huang, J. F. (2014). Injection-locked frequency divider using injection mixer DC-biased in sub-threshold. IEEE on Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 25, 193–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Yamamoto, K., & Fujishima, M. (2006, February). 70 GHz CMOS harmonic injection-locked divider. In IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference-Digest of Technical Papers (pp. 2472–2481).

  11. Jang, S.-L., Chen, Y.-S., Chang, C.-W., & Liu, C.-C. (2010). A wide-locking range ÷3 injection-locked frequency divider using linear mixer. IEEE on Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 20, 390–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Jang, S.-L., Lin, C.-Y., & Juang, M.-H. (2015). Enhanced locking range technique for a divide-by-3 differential injection-locked frequency divider. Electronics Letters, 51(6), 456–458.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Jang, S.-L., Liu, C.-C., & Huang, J.-F. (2010). Divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider using two linear mixers. IEICE Transactions on Electronics, E93-C(1), 136–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jang, S.-L., & Chuang, C.-Y. (2013). Wide-locking range ÷3 series-tuned injection-locked frequency divider. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 76(1), 111–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Lin, S.-S. (2011). Unpublished work.

  16. Fang, Y.-S. (2011). Unpublished work.

  17. Huang, G.-J. (2014). Unpublished work.

  18. Chen, Y.-T., Li, M.-W., Kuo, H.-C., Huang, T.-H., & Chuang, H.-R. (2012). Low-voltage K-band divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider with floating-source differential injector. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 60(1), 160–167.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jang, S.-L., & Chang, C.-W. (2010). A 90 nm CMOS LC-tank divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider with record locking range. IEEE on Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 20, 229–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Jang, S.-L., & Hsieh, J.-H. (2013). A wide-locking range ÷3 injection-locked frequency divider using concurrent injection mechanisms. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 77(3), 593–598.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank the Staff of the CIC for the chip fabrication and technical supports and the students San-Sheng Lin, Yi-Shan Fang, C.-Y. Chuang, and Guan-Jie Huang, who contributed to this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

    Sheng-Lyang Jang

Authors
  1. Sheng-Lyang Jang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sheng-Lyang Jang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jang, SL. Divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency dividers using dual-resonance resonator. Analog Integr Circ Sig Process 85, 335–341 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-015-0607-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-015-0607-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation