Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A wide-locking range ÷3 injection-locked frequency divider using concurrent injection mechanisms

  • Published:
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new wide locking range divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) using a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process is presented. The ILFD uses two concurrent injection mechanisms with two independent push–push circuits to extend the locking range. It is realized with a cross-coupled n-core MOS LC-tank oscillator. The core power consumption of the ILFD core is 11.496 mW. The divider’s free-running oscillation frequency is tunable from 4.32 to 3.78 GHz by tuning the varactor’s control bias, and at the incident power of 0 dBm the maximum locking range is 3 GHz (25 %), from the incident frequency 10.5 to 13.5 GHz. The operation range is 3.6 GHz (30.76 %), from 9.9 to 13.5 GHz.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wu, H. & Zhang, L. (2006). A 16-to-18 GHz 0.18 μm epi-CMOS divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider. In IEEE ISSCC Digest of Technical Papers (pp. 27–29).

  2. Jang, S.-L., Chang, C.-W., Lee, C.-F., & Huang, J.-F. (2008). Divide-by-3 LC injection locked frequency divider implemented with 3D inductors. IEICE Transactions on Electronics, E91-C(6), 956–962.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Yu, X. P., Cheema, H. M., Mahmoudi, R., Roermund, Av, & Yan, X. L. (2009). A 3 mW 54.6 GHz divide-by-3 injection locked frequency divider with resistive harmonic enhancement”. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 19, 575–577.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Jang, S.-L., Tai, C.-W., & Lee, C.-F. (2008). Divide-by-3 injection locked frequency divider implemented with active inductor. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 50(6), 1682–1685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jang, S.-L., Lin, C.-Y., & Lee, C.-F. (2008). A low voltage 0.35 μm CMOS frequency divider with the body injection technique. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 18(7), 470–472.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Jang, S.-L., & Chang, C.-W. (2010). A 90 nm CMOS LC-tank divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider with record locking range. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 20, 229–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Jang, S.-L., Chen, Y.-S., Chang, C.-W., & Liu, C.-C. (2010). A wide-locking range ÷3 injection-locked frequency divider using linear mixer. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 20, 390–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Jang, S. -L., Chen, Y. -S., Chang, C. -W., & Liu, C. -C. Injection-locked frequency dividing apparatus, US patent # US008305116B2, 2012.

  9. Jang, S.-L., Liu, C.-C., & Huang, J.-F. (2010). Divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider using two linear mixers. IEICE Transactions on Electronics, E93-C(1), 136–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Razavi, B. (2004). A study of injection locking and pulling in oscillators. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 39(9), 1415–1424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Chen, Y.-T., Li, M.-W., Kuo, H.-C., Huang, T.-H., & Chuang, H.-R. (2012). Low-voltage K-band divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider with floating-source differential injector. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 60(1), 160–167.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jang, S.-L., & Chuang, C.-Y. (2013). Wide-locking range ÷3 series-tuned injection-locked frequency divider. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,. doi:10.1007/s10470-013-0086-y.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Staff of CIC for the chip fabrication and measurement supports.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

    Sheng-Lyang Jang & Jen-Hsiang Hsieh

Authors
  1. Sheng-Lyang Jang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jen-Hsiang Hsieh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sheng-Lyang Jang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jang, SL., Hsieh, JH. A wide-locking range ÷3 injection-locked frequency divider using concurrent injection mechanisms. Analog Integr Circ Sig Process 77, 593–598 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-013-0153-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-013-0153-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation