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The Effects of an Abandoned Coal Mine on Groundwater Quality in the Science and Research Park (SRP) of Shahid Beheshti University, Zirab (Northern Iran)

Einflüsse einer ehemaligen Kohlengrube auf die Grundwasserqualität im Wissenschafts- und Forschungspark der Shahid Behesti Universität, Zirab (Nordiran)

Los efectos de una mina de carbón abandonada sobre la calidad del agua subterránea en el parque de Ciencia e Investigación (SRP) de la Universidad de Shahid Beheshti, Zirab (Norte de Irán)

废弃煤矿对伊朗北部Zirab市Shahid Beheshti大学科研园地下水水质影响研究

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Abstract

Six springs in the Science and Research Park of Shahid Beheshti University, Zirab (northern Iran) were sampled monthly, and four drinking water wells in the town of Zirab were sampled during both wet and dry periods between 2006 and 2007. The major ion hydrochemical investigation shows that carbonate dissolution is principally responsible for the geochemical evolution of the groundwater in the Zirab area. Chloride concentrations in the springs of Dahdastgah, Kenichkola, and Pish during the wet period may indicate that they are being fed by the mine and its coal seams. Anomalously high concentrations of Na and Cl compared to the total dissolved solids in the Googerdi and Dahdastgah springs samples indicate input from the Jurassic coal seams. Mixing of the water in the coal seams with the groundwater has increased incongruent dissolution in the water–rock system. Cluster analysis of the hydrochemical data revealed that the Zirab drinking water wells were not affected by the mine. The groundwater contamination by the abandoned coal mine of Zirab is characterized by low iron and sulfate concentrations.

Zusammenfassung

Im Wissenschafts- und Forschungspark (SRP) der Shahid Behesti Universität, Zirab (Nordiran) wurden in den Jahren 2006 und 2007 sechs Quellen monatlich beprobt. In der Regen- und Trockenzeit wurden zusätzlich vier Trinkwasserbrunnen der Stadt Zirab jeweils einmal beprobt. Die hydrochemische Untersuchung der Hauptionen ergab, dass die geochemische Entwicklung des Grundwassers in der Zirab Region im Wesentlichen auf die Lösung von Carbonaten zurückzuführen ist. Die Chloridkonzentration während der Regenzeit weist darauf hin, dass die Quellen von Dahdastgah, Kenichkola und Pish durch die Grube und deren Kohleflöze beeinflusst werden. Die, im Vergleich zu den gesamten gelösten Stoffen, ungewöhnlich hohen Konzentrationen von Na und Cl in den Googerdi und Dahdastgah Quellen deuten auf einen Einfluss des Jura Kohleflözes hin. Die Mischung des Wassers aus den Kohleflözen mit dem Grundwasser führt zu einer inkongruenten Lösung im Wasser-Gesteins-System. Clusteranalysen der hydrochemischen Daten deuten darauf hin, dass die Trinkwasserbrunnen der Stadt Zirab nicht von der Kohlegrube beeinflusst sind. Die Kontamination des Grundwassers durch die ehemalige Kohlegrube von Zirab ist durch niedrige Eisen- und Sulfatkonzentrationen charakterisiert.

Resumen

Seis fuentes en el Parque de Ciencia e Investigación (SRP) de la Universidad Shahid Beheshti, Zirab (norte de Irán) fueron muestreadas mensualmente mientras que cuatro pozos de agua potable fueron muestreados durante los períodos secos y húmedos entre 2006 y 2007. La investigación muestra que la disolución de carbonato es la principal responsable de la evolución geoquímica del agua subterránea en el área Zirab. Las concentraciones de cloruro en las fuentes de agua de Dahdastgah, Kenichkola y Pish durante el período húmedo pueden indicar que están siendo alimentados por la mina y sus vetas de carbón. Concentraciones anormalmente altas de Na y Cl comparadas con el total de sólidos disueltos en las muestras de las fuentes de agua de Googerdi y de Dahdastgah indican la entrada de vetas jurásicas de carbón. La mezcla del agua de las vetas de carbón con el agua subterránea ha incrementado la disolución en el sistema de agua y roca. El análisis de clusters de los datos hidroquímicos reveló que los pozos de agua potable de Zirab no fueron afectados por la mina. La contaminación del agua subterránea por la mina de carbón abandonada está caracterizada por bajas concentraciones de hierro y sulfato.

磁赤铁矿纳米粒子去除废水中重金属:模拟废水和酸性矿井废水之比较

伊朗北部Zirab市Shahid Beheshti大学科研园(SRP)内的6个泉水露头在200-2007年期间每月取样监测,Zirab市内4口饮用水井分别于200-2007水文年的丰、枯季取样测试。水样的主离子水文地球化学分析表明,碳酸盐类的溶解作用在Zirab地区地下水的水文地球化学演化中起着重要作用。 Dahdastgah泉、Kenichkola泉和Pish泉在丰水期的氯离子浓度特征表明它们正接受矿井或煤层供给。相对于总溶解固体,Googerdi泉和Dahdastgah泉钠离子和氯离子浓度异常高,表明泉水从侏罗系煤层获得了补给。煤层水和地下水混合已使水-岩系统的溶解性异常提高。水文地球化学资料的聚类分析表明,Zirab市内饮用水井未受到煤矿影响。Zirab地区被废弃煤矿污染的地下水污染特征是低浓度铁和硫酸盐。

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Correspondence to Hamid Reza Nassery.

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Nassery, H.R., Alijani, F. The Effects of an Abandoned Coal Mine on Groundwater Quality in the Science and Research Park (SRP) of Shahid Beheshti University, Zirab (Northern Iran). Mine Water Environ 33, 266–275 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-014-0266-8

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