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Towards a framework for cross-scale and multi-level analysis of coastal and marine social-ecological systems dynamics

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We are the first generation facing evidence of global change. It, therefore, falls upon us to change our relationship with the planet…”. (Nobel Laureate Symposium, Stockholm, www.globalsymposium2011.org).

Abstract

As the Anthropocene proceeds, regional and local sustainability problems are ever more likely to originate at multiple levels of the earth system. The rate of global environmental change is now vastly outpacing our policy response, and social-ecological systems analysis needs to support global environmental governance. To respond to this challenge, this paper initiates the development of a coastal social-ecological typology and applies it in an exemplary fashion to nine coastal and marine case studies. We use an explicit distinction between the definitions of scale and level and a problem or issue-specific approach to the delineation of social-ecological units. A current major challenge to social-ecological systems analysis is the identification of the cross-level and cross-scale interactions and links which play key roles in shaping coastal and marine social-ecological dynamics and outcomes. We show that the regional level is the best point of departure to generate sustainability-oriented cross-scale and multi-level analyses and offers the outline of a typology in which different disciplinary and other forms of knowledge can be integrated as both part of regionally grounded analysis and action which engages with global sustainability challenges.

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Notes

  1. These took place in Arizona, USA in March 2011 (Resilience 2011) and in Yantai, China in September 2011 (LOICZ Open Science Conference).

  2. With Cash et al. 2006, we define ecosystem outputs as including ecosystem functions, services, benefits and their distribution.

  3. http://www.unep.org/drc/RegionalOffices/tabid/101136/Default.aspx.

  4. Cited from http://www.loicz.org/about_us/nodes/node1/index.html.en.

  5. http://www.icsu.org/future-earth/whats-new/relevant_publications/future-earth-governance-structure.

  6. An ecoregion is understood as “a unit of land and/or water containing a geographically distinct assemblage of species, natural communities, and environmental conditions” (cf. http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/what_is_an_ecoregion.

  7. For an exception see Nayak and Berkes, this issue.

  8. This UNDP definition (United Nations Development Programme’s Project on Local Governance for Latin America) is widely used, such as in Applebaugh, J. (rapporteur), “Governance Working Group”, power point presentation, National Defense University and ISAF, 2010, slide 22.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is based on materials from two conference sessions that were organised and chaired by the authors and supported by LOICZ (Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone). The sessions were held in Phoenix, Arizona (Resilience Conference 2011, March 2011) and in Yantai, China (LOICZ Open Science Conference, September 2011). Ideas for a global framework to analyse change in coastal and marine social-ecological systems were first discussed by the authors at the LOICZ Oslo workshop in June 2009 and developed in the context of the currently ongoing restructuring of Global Environmental Change and Sustainability research. While we have profited from many discussions in this context, including with founder members of the Future Ocean Alliance, any remaining faults are ours.

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    Marion Glaser & Bernhard Glaeser

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Correspondence to Marion Glaser.

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Glaser, M., Glaeser, B. Towards a framework for cross-scale and multi-level analysis of coastal and marine social-ecological systems dynamics. Reg Environ Change 14, 2039–2052 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0637-5

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