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Influence of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation on enamel caries prevention

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation on the acid resistance of dental enamel. Forty human enamel samples were divided into four groups. They were manually irradiated with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser device (λ = 2.78 µm, 20 Hz, 20 s), in a scanning mode, with and without water cooling, according to the following parameters: Group 1: 0.25 W, 62.5 J/cm2, no water cooling; group 2: 0.25 W, 62.5 J/cm2, 5.0 ml/min; group 3: 0.5 W, 125 J/cm2, no water cooling; group 4: 0.5 W, 125 J/cm2, 5.0 ml/min. No airflow was used. Afterwards, the samples were submitted to an acid challenge and assessed by cross-sectional Knoop microhardness at different depths (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µm) from the outer enamel surface. Average values were obtained for both irradiated and control areas in each sample and they were compared to obtain a percentage of microhardness increase. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Fisher’s exact test (α = 5%). The percentage of microhardness increase observed in group 1 (+23.58%) was similar to group 3 (+19.12%), but higher than groups 2 (+3.61%) and 4 (10.9%) (p < 0.05). The comparison of the depths showed that the Er,Cr:YSGG laser acted in the superficial layers of the dental enamel. The findings of the present study suggest that the energy densities of 62.5 and 125 J/cm2 were capable of increasing the acid resistance of human enamel. The presence of water during irradiation makes it difficult to obtain an enamel surface more resistant to acids.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil, for providing financial support (grant # 2007/08140-5 and 2008/07403-5). The authors would like to thank The Special Laboratory on Lasers in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, Brazil (LELO-FOUSP), for allowing the use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser device.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, São Paulo University, Avenida do Café S/N – 14040-904, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil

    Vinicius Rangel Geraldo-Martins, Cesar Penazzo Lepri & Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb

  2. Universidade de Uberaba, Av. Nene Sabino, 1801 – 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil

    Vinicius Rangel Geraldo-Martins

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  1. Vinicius Rangel Geraldo-Martins
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  2. Cesar Penazzo Lepri
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  3. Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb
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Correspondence to Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb.

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Geraldo-Martins, V.R., Lepri, C.P. & Palma-Dibb, R.G. Influence of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation on enamel caries prevention. Lasers Med Sci 28, 33–39 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1056-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1056-9

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