Abstract
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), an invasive Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus) infection with hypotension and multiple organ failure, is quite rare in pregnancy but is characterized by rapid disease progression and high fatality rates. We present a case of STSS with infection-induced cardiac dysfunction in a pregnant woman who was treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). A 24-year-old multiparous woman in the third trimester had early symptoms of high fever and diarrhea 1 day prior to admission to the hospital emergency department. On admission, she had multiple organ failure including circulatory failure. Due to fetal distress, emergency Cesarean section was carried out and transferred to intensive care units. She had refractory circulatory failure with depressed myocardial contractility with progressive multiple organ failure, despite receiving significant hemodynamic supports including high-dose catecholamine. Thus, VA-ECMO was initiated 18 h after intensive care unit admission. Consequently, ECMO provided extra time to recover from infection and myocardial depression. She was successfully weaned from VA-ECMO on day 7 and was discharged home on day 53. VA-ECMO can be a therapeutic option for refractory circulatory failure with significant myocardial depression in STSS.
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Abbreviations
- PMMA-CHDF:
-
Continuous hemodiafiltration using a polymethylmethacrylate membrane
- ECMO:
-
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- BP:
-
Blood pressure
- HR:
-
Heart rate
- BE:
-
Base excess
- Lac:
-
Lactate
- IL-6:
-
Interleukin-6
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TI and TN contributed to study conception, data acquisition, data interpretation, manuscript drafting, and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. RA, YT, and SO contributed to study conception, data interpretation, and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Imaeda, T., Nakada, Ta., Abe, R. et al. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for Streptococcus pyogenes toxic shock syndrome in pregnancy. J Artif Organs 19, 200–203 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-015-0884-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-015-0884-3