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Study of electrochemical properties and thermal stability of the high-voltage spinel cathode material for lithium-ion accumulators

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Abstract

This article deals with the properties of high-voltage cathode material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesised by a solid-state reactions method. The sample—LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4—was synthesised by two steps of annealing process. A number of electrochemical and physical methods were used to analyse the samples. The obtained LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 powder was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements at different loads and high temperature in lithium-ion cells with metal lithium as a counter electrode. All these analyses were used for confirmation of the structure of the material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and for investigating its electrochemical properties. A special analysis was used for this paper to understand and confirm the function of this type of material. It is called electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which is used in the field of lithium-ion batteries and also which is not common. This analysis is typically used to analyse free radicals. It is possible to study changes of valence in cathode materials during charging and confirming the valence change of Mn from Mn3+ to Mn4+ and of Ni from Ni2+ to Ni3+ and then to Ni4+ with EPR analysis. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of stability of the material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with in situ observation of structural changes by SEM was used as the last analysis.

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Acknowledgments

This research work has been carried out in the Centre for Research and Utilization of Renewable Energy (CVVOZE). Authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under NPU I programme (project No. LO1210), BUT specific research programme (project No. FEKT-S-14-2293) and FEI Company.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Electronic Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    T. Kazda, J. Vondrák, M. Sedlaříková & P Čudek

  2. CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    V. Kašpárek

  3. Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica ed Analitica, Università di Padova, via Loredan 4, 35121, Padua, Italy

    V. Di Noto

  4. Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    L. Omelka & L. Šafaříková

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  1. T. Kazda
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  2. J. Vondrák
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  3. V. Di Noto
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  4. M. Sedlaříková
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  5. P Čudek
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  6. L. Omelka
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  7. L. Šafaříková
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  8. V. Kašpárek
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Correspondence to T. Kazda.

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Kazda, T., Vondrák, J., Di Noto, V. et al. Study of electrochemical properties and thermal stability of the high-voltage spinel cathode material for lithium-ion accumulators. J Solid State Electrochem 19, 1579–1590 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2772-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2772-4

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