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Mechanisms of the inhibition of enzymatic hydrolysis of waste pulp fibers by calcium carbonate and the influence of nonionic surfactant for mitigation

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Abstract

Recycled paper mills produce large quantities of fibrous rejects and fines which are usually sent to landfills as solid waste. These cellulosic materials can be enzymatically hydrolyzed into sugars for the production of biofuels and biomaterials. Paper mill wastes also contain large amounts of calcium carbonate which inhibits cellulase activity. The calcium carbonate (30%, w/w) decreased 40–60% of sugar yield of unbleached softwood kraft pulp. The prime mechanisms for this are by pH variation, competitive and non-productive binding, and aggregation effect. Addition of acetic acid (pH adjustment) increased the sugar production from 19 to 22 g/L of paper mill waste fibers. Strong affinity of enzyme—calcium carbonate decreased free enzyme in solution and hindered sugar production. Electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions are mainly possible mechanism of enzyme—calcium carbonate adsorption. The application of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 alleviated the non-productive binding of enzyme with the higher affinity on calcium carbonate. Dissociated calcium ion also inhibited the hydrolysis by aggregation of enzyme.

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Acknowledgements

Partial support of this work was provided by a Grant from the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) through the Grant agreement 25919. Member companies of the Empire State Paper Research Institute are also acknowledged for support.

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  1. Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering, Empire State Paper Research Institute, College of Environmental science and Forestry, State University of New York, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA

    Byeong Cheol Min & Bandaru V. Ramarao

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  1. Byeong Cheol Min
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  2. Bandaru V. Ramarao
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Correspondence to Bandaru V. Ramarao.

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Min, B.C., Ramarao, B.V. Mechanisms of the inhibition of enzymatic hydrolysis of waste pulp fibers by calcium carbonate and the influence of nonionic surfactant for mitigation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 40, 799–806 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-017-1745-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-017-1745-7

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