Abstract
Strenuous exercise is a potent inducer of oxidative stress, which has been suggested to be associated with disturbances in muscle homeostasis, fatigue and injury. There is no comprehensive or uniform view of the antioxidant status in horses. We have previously shown that moderate exercise induces protein oxidation in trotters. The aim of this study was to measure the antioxidative capacity of the horse in relation to different antioxidant components and oxidative stress markers after a single bout of moderate exercise to elucidate the mechanisms of antioxidant protection in horses. Eight clinically normal and regularly trained standard-bred trotters were treadmill-exercised for 53 min at moderate intensity. Blood samples were collected prior to and immediately after exercise and at 4 and 24 h of recovery. Muscle biopsies from the middle gluteal muscle were taken before exercise and after 4 h of recovery. Acute induction of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) did not prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress, which was demonstrated by increased lipid hydroperoxides (LPO). Pre-exercise ORAC levels were, however, a determinant of total glutathione content of the blood after 4 and 24 h of recovery. Furthermore, baseline ORAC level correlated negatively with 4-h recovery LPO levels. Our results imply that horses are susceptible to oxidative stress, but a stronger antioxidant capacity may improve coping with exercise-induced oxidative stress.
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Acknowledgements
The skilful technical assistance and support of Ms Marjatta Lehtisaari, Ms Taina Vihavainen and Ms Eeva-Liisa Palkispää are gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank to Dr David Laaksonen for the revision of the manuscript, professor Jukka Nyblom for kind advice. This work has been supported by the grants from Finnish Ministry of Education to MA and NO, Erkki Rajakoski Foundation, Helsinki to SK, Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation, Helsinki to NO and Eastern Finnish High Technology Foundation to MA and NO.
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Kinnunen, S., Hyyppä, S., Lehmuskero, A. et al. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and exercise-induced oxidative stress in trotters. Eur J Appl Physiol 95, 550–556 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-005-0034-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-005-0034-3