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Dietary lipid quality and mitochondrial membrane composition in trout: responses of membrane enzymes and oxidative capacities

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Abstract

To examine whether membrane fatty acid (FA) composition has a greater impact upon specific components of oxidative phosphorylation or on overall properties of muscle mitochondria, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed two diets differing only in FA composition. Diet 1 was enriched in 18:1n-9 and 18:2n-6 while Diet 2 was enriched in 22:6n-3. The FA composition of mitochondrial phospholipids was strongly affected by diet. 22:6n-3 levels were twice as high (49 %) in mitochondrial phospholipids of fish fed Diet 2 than in those fed Diet 1. 18:2n-6 content of the phospholipids also followed the diets, whereas 18:1n-9 changed little. All n-6 FA, most notably 22:5n-6, were significantly higher in fish fed Diet 1. Nonetheless, total saturated FA, total monounsaturated FA and total polyunsaturated FA in mitochondrial phospholipids varied little. Despite a marked impact of diet on specific FA levels in mitochondrial phospholipids, only non-phosphorylating (state 4) rates were higher in fish fed Diet 2. Phosphorylating rates (state 3), oxygen consumption due to flux through the electron transport chain complexes as well as the corresponding spectrophotometric activities did not differ with diet. Body mass affected state 4 rates and cytochrome c oxidase and F 0 F 1 ATPase activities while complex I showed a diet-specific effect of body mass. Only the minor FA that were affected by body mass were correlated with functional properties. The regulated incorporation of dietary FA into phospholipids seems to allow fish to maintain critical membrane functions even when the lipid quality of their diets varies considerably, as is likely in their natural environment.

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Acknowledgments

N.M. was a recipient of a FONCER grant from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and a scholarship for the programme de stages internationaux from Fonds de recherche nature et technologies du Québec. Many thanks are due to the staff of the LARSA and to a special colleague for their assistance with holding the fish. The authors extend their sincere thanks to Dr. Grant W. Vandenberg and Emilie Proulx for their help with the mixing and pelleting of experimental diets. Special thanks to Fabienne Legrand for her help with phospholipid analysis. Comments from anonymous reviewers helped to improve this paper. This work was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada grant to H.G.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1K 7P4, Canada

    N. Martin & H. Guderley

  2. UG/OMNR Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada

    D. P. Bureau

  3. Unité mixte CNRS 6521, Université de Bretagne, C.S. 93837, 29238, Brest cedex 3, France

    Y. Marty

  4. LEMAR UMR CNRS 6539, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Place Copernic, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France

    E. Kraffe

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  1. N. Martin
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Correspondence to N. Martin.

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Communicated by G. Heldmaier.

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Martin, N., Bureau, D.P., Marty, Y. et al. Dietary lipid quality and mitochondrial membrane composition in trout: responses of membrane enzymes and oxidative capacities. J Comp Physiol B 183, 393–408 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-012-0712-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-012-0712-5

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