Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Novel synthesis, characterization and application of dibutyrate bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalamide as a plasticizer in PVC compounding

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Polymer Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study focuses on the synthesis and application of dibutyrate of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalamide (DB-BHETA) as a plasticizer in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounding. DB-BHETA was synthesized from poly(ethylene terephthalate) bottle waste through aminolysis followed by condensation reaction with butyric acid. Synthesized DB-BHETA was characterized by FTIR, DSC and NMR. Plasticized PVC was prepared by melt blending of PVC in different ratios with DB-BHETA and the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties were investigated. The glass transition temperature (T g) decreased with increasing concentration of DB-BHETA, confirming its plasticizing effect. The impact properties of PVC/DB-BHETA were maximum at weight ratio of 80/20. Shore hardness continuously reduced with increase in the concentration of DB-BHETA in PVC. Also, incorporation of DB-BHETA results in a gradual decrease in the loss modulus (viscous) and an increase in the storage modulus (elastic).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Spychaj T, Fabrycy E, Spychaj S, Kacperski M (2001) Aminolysis and aminoglycolysis of waste poly(ethylene terephthalate). J Mater Cycles Waste Manage 3:24–31

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Goje AS, Thakur SA, Patil TM, Mishra S (2003) Glycolytic aminolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste for recovery of value-added co-monomer at atmospheric pressure. J Appl Polym Sci 90:3437–3444

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Soni RK, Singh S (2005) Synthesis and characterization of terephthalamides from poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste. J Appl Polym Sci 96:1515–1528

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Goje AS, Thakur SA, Diware VR, Chauhan YP, Mishra S (2004) Aminolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste for recovery of value added comonomeric product. Polym Plast Technol Eng 43:407–426

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Fabrycy E, Leistner A, Spychaj T (2000) New epoxy resin hardeners from PET scrap. Adhesion 44:35–39

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Shukla SR, Harad AM (2006) Aminolysis of polyethylene terephthalate waste. Polym Degrad Stab 91:1850–1854

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Pingale ND, Shukla SR (2009) Microwave-assisted aminolytic depolymerization of PET waste. Eur Polym J 45:2695–2700

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Parab YS, Pingale ND, Shukla SR (2012) Aminolytic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) bottle waste by conventional and microwave irradiation heating. J Appl Polym Sci 125:1103–1107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Shah RV, Shukla SR (2012) Effective aminolytic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste and synthesis of bis-oxazoline therefrom. J Appl Polym Sci 125:3666–3675

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Owen Jr (1978) Terephthalate ester polyols. US Patent 4100354

  11. Ralph TK Cornwell, Rosemont, Pa. (1958) Film-forming composition with a terephthalamide ester plasticizer and an article coated therewith. US patent 2,824,016

  12. Ralph TK Cornwell, Rosemont, Pa. (1958) US patent 2,824,017

  13. Ralph TK Cornwell, Rosemont, Pa. (1958) US patent 2,824,018

  14. Titow WV (1984) PVC Technology, 4th edn. Elsevier Applied Science, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. Saad ALG, Hussien LI, Ahmed MGM, Hassan AM (1998) Studies of electrical and mechanical properties of semiconductive poly(vinyl chloride) compositions. J Appl Polym Sci 69:685–693

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Watkinson K, Mohsen R (1982) Effect of concentration and type of plasticizer on some physical properties of poly(vinyl chloride). J Appl Polym Sci 27:3455–3460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rahman M, Brazel CS (2004) The plasticizer market: an assessment of traditional plasticizers and research trends to meet new challenges. Prog Polym Sci 29:1223–1248

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Toja F, Saviello D, Nevin A, Comelli D, Lazzari M, Levi M, Toniolo L (2012) The degradation of poly(vinyl acetate) as a material for design objects: a multi-analytical study of the effect of dibutyl phthalate plasticizer. Polym Degrad Stab 97:2441–2448

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Rehm T (1997) The compression set of plasticized PVC. J Vinyl Addit Technol 3:286–291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Ramos-Devalle L, Gonzalez-Roa C, Sanchez-Adame M, Rodriguez JZ (1992) Compatibility between PVC and plasticizer blends and its relation with processing. J Vinyl Technol 14:74–77

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Xu X, Guo S (1995) Plasticizing effect of low molecular weight PVC prepared by vibromilling degradation on PVC. Polym Plast Technol Eng 34:679–688

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Soong SY, Cohen RE, Boyce MC (2007) Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane as a novel plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride). Polymer 48:1410–1418

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Shah BL, Shertukde VV (2003) Effect of plasticizers on mechanical, electrical, permanence, and thermal properties of poly(vinyl chloride). J Appl Polym Sci 90:3278–3284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Greco A, Brunetti D, Renna G, Mele G, Maffezzoli A (2010) Plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) from cardanol as a renewable resource material. Polym Degrad Stab 95:2169–2174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bailey AV, Boudreux GJ, Sumrell G (1978) Preparation of some mono- and diester of N, N disubstituted amide and their evaluation as plasticizer. J Am Chem Soc 55:459–462

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Liang GG, Cook WD, Sautereau HJ, Tcharkhtchi A (2009) Diallyl orthophthalate as a reactive plasticizer for improving PVC processibility, Part II: rheology during cure. Polymer 50:2635–2642

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by The University Grant Commission (UGC) under the CAS-SAP scheme for the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fibres and Textile Processing Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University under Section-3 of UGC act 1956), N. Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India

    Yogesh S. Parab & Sanjeev R. Shukla

  2. Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology (University under Section-3 of UGC act 1956), Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India

    Parag A. Wasekar & Shashank T. Mhaske

Authors
  1. Yogesh S. Parab
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Parag A. Wasekar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shashank T. Mhaske
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sanjeev R. Shukla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sanjeev R. Shukla.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Parab, Y.S., Wasekar, P.A., Mhaske, S.T. et al. Novel synthesis, characterization and application of dibutyrate bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalamide as a plasticizer in PVC compounding. Polym. Bull. 71, 2695–2707 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1218-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1218-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation