Abstract
The development related to the effective degradation or recycling of polymeric material are of high priority in research because of solid waste removal problems in the environment and to establish sustainable conditions. Ionic liquids having low vapour pressure and other useful properties are finding increasing applications in the field of polymer science. In the present report, we describe the studies related to the plasticizing effect of simple 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bromide (an ionic liquid) on polyvinyl chloride. The admixtures of PVC and IL were subjected to heating (353–453 K) as a function of time (1–7 h). The resulting product stability was studied by TGA. Similar studies were carried out with PVA via glycolysis, i.e. in presence of ethylene glycol and products obtained were studied by TGA. Our results indicate that the addition of ionic liquid stabilizes the polyvinyl chloride and prevents liberation of HCl, while the polyvinyl alcohol gets degraded rapidly. These findings support the hypothesis of solubilization and degradation depending upon structural characteristics of polymeric molecules. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of electrostatic, ion dipole and H-bonding interactions within polymer molecules influenced by thermal energy effects.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lin XH, Sui W (2011) Study on ionic liquid [bmim]PF6 and [hmim]PF6 as plasticizer for PVC paste resin. Polym Bull 67:1273–1283
Shah BL, Shertukde VV (2003) Effect of plasticizers on mechanical, electrical, permanence, and thermal properties of polyvinylchloride. J Appl Polym Sci 90:3278–3284
George N (1974) Molecular interactions in hydrogen bonding solvents. Commentarii 2:1–24
Fred WB (2007) Textbook of polymer science, 3rd edn. Wiley, Asia, pp 392–393
Wikes J (2002) A short history of ionic liquids—from molten salts to neoteric solvents. Green Chem 4:73–80
Pietro B, Robinson CH (2012) Ab initio simulations of thermal decomposition and of electron transfer reactions in room temperature ionic liquids. Faraday Discuss 154:373–389
Welton T (1999) Room-temperature ionic liquids. Solvents for synthesis and catalysis. Chem Rev 99:2071–2083
Gaurav RG, Ganesh RC, Preeti AT, Gaikwad Y, Pameez A, Girish HP, Govinda PW, Kesharsingh JP (2012) Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using N-butyl-pyridinium bromide. Eur J Chem 3(4):475–479
Wasserscheid P, Welton T (2002) Ionic liquids in synthesis. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, p 319
Sui W, Linxi H (2011) Application of four ionic liquids as plasticizers for PVC paste resin. Iranian Polym J 20(12):989–997
Akio K, Shigehiro Y (2007) An efficient method to depolymerize polyamide plastic: a new use of ionic liquids. Organic Lett 9(13):2533–2535
Mustafizur R, Christopher SB (2006) Ionic liquids: new generation stable plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride). Polym Degrad Stab 91:3371–3382
Neil W (2006) Solubilisation of polymers by ionic liquids. J Mater Chem 16:4281–4293
Hui w, Zengxi L, Yanquing L, Xiangping Z, Suojiang Z (2009) Degradation of polyethylene terephthalate using ionic liquids. Green Chem 11:1568–1575
Yue QF, Wang CX, Zhang YN, Jin YX (2011) Glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate(PET) using ionic liquids as catalyst. Polym Degrad Stab 96:399–403
Gaurav RG, Ganesh RC, Preeti AT, Govinda PW, Kesharsingh JP (2012) Molten ammonium salt as a solvent for Menschutkin Quaternization. Reaction (synthesis of ionic liquids) and other heterocyclic compounds. Asian J Chem 24(10):4675–4678
Gaurav RG, Ganesh RC, Preeti AT, Gaikwad Y, Pameez A, Girish HP, Govinda PW, Kesharsingh JP (2012) Mass spectrometry of ionic liquids: ESI-MS/MS studies. Asian J Chem 25(15):8261–8265
Shaikh VR, Terdale SS, Gupta GR, Hundiwale DG, Patil KJ (2013) Thermodynamic studies of ionic interactions in aqueous solutions of N-Butyl-Pyridinium bromide at 298.15 K. J Mol Liquids 186:14–22
Ramesh LG, Dilip HD, Santosh ST, Joao APC, Kesharsingh JP (2008) Acoustic and volumetric properties of aqueous solutions of imidazolium based ionic liquids at 298.15 K. J Chem Thermodyn 40:695–701
Tao Z, Qian Z, Xiao-Li H, Sha-Di W, Li W, Johannes MN, Van K, Yu-Zhong W (2010) A highly efficient approach for dehydrochlorinating polyvinyl chloride: catalysis by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Green Chem 12:1062–1065
Abdul A, Chetan P, Vikas G, Dilip H (2013) Evaluation of the synergistic effect of layered double hydroxides with micro- and nano-CaCO3 on the thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride composites. J Thermoplast Compos Mater 26:1249–1259
Mingzhu L, Rongshi C, Chi W, Renyuan Q (1997) Viscometric investigation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding cohesional entanglement in extremely dilute aqueous solution of poly vinyl alcohol. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 35:2421–2427
Kaulgud MV, Patil KJ (1972) Sound propagation in some mono and di-substituted derivatives of benzene. Acustica 26:292–295
Acknowledgments
Authors are thankful to Prof. Kesharsingh J. Patil, Visiting Professor, School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon for valuable discussion. We are also grateful to Board of Colleges and University development (BCUD), University of Pune, Pune for providing financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tomar, P.A., Yadav, S.M. & Gupta, G.R. The thermal gravimetric studies for polymer samples of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) obtained by treatment with ionic liquid [bmim]Br. Polym. Bull. 71, 1349–1358 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1126-1
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-014-1126-1