Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Temperature-induced thickening of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) physical blends in aqueous solution

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Polymer Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study describes the synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) via free radical polymerization, the preparation of physical blends containing sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and PNIPAM in aqueous solution, at total polymer concentrations of 2 and 6 g/L in different compositions, and applies rheology to investigate interactions between PNIPAM and CMC compared to pure polymers, in aqueous solution. Rheological measurements indicated thermothickening behavior for the 50 % PNIPAM–50 % CMC physical blend in aqueous solution, at 6 g/L, as viscosity rose when temperature was increased to a range of 25–40 °C. Similar thermothickening behavior was observed for the 25 % CMC–75 % PNIPAM physical blend in solution, at a total polymer concentration of 2 g/L. These results provide new information for preparing physical blends in aqueous solutions exhibiting thermothickening behavior, indicating that this behavior depends on total polymer concentration and composition of the mixture.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Shi HY, Zhang LM, Ma YQ, Yi JZ (2007) Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble cellulose derivatives with thermo- and pH-sensitive functional groups. J Macromol Sci Part A 44:1109–1113. doi:10.1080/10601320701524179

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Vasile C, Bumbu GG, Dumitriu RP, Staikos G (2004) Comparative study of the behavior of carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) copolymers and their equivalent physical blends. Eur Polym J 40:1209–1215. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2003.12.023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Chee CK, Rimmer S, Soutar I, Swanson L (2001) Fluorescence investigations of the thermally induced conformational transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Polymer 42:5079–5087. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00821-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Gao C, Möhwald H, Shen J (2005) Thermosensitive poly(allylamine)-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): synthesis, phase separation and particle formation. Polymer 46:4088–4097. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.02.115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Schmaljohann D (2006) Thermo- and pH-responsive polymers in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 58:1655–1670. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2006.09.020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Dimitrov I, Trzebicka B, Müller AHE, Dworak A, Tsvetanov CB (2007) Thermosensitive water-soluble copolymers with doubly responsive reversibly interacting entities. Prog Polym Sci 32:1275–1343. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.07.001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. O’Shea J-P, Tallon C (2011) Yield stress behaviour of concentrated silica suspensions with temperature-responsive polymers. Colloids Surf A 385:40–46. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.05.042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lin SY, Chen KS, Liang RS (1999) Thermal micro ATR/FT-IR spectroscopic system for quantitative study of the molecular structure of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water. Polymer 40:2619–2624. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00512-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Burdukova E, Li H, Bradshaw DJ, Franks GV (2010) Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) as a flotation collector: effect of temperature and molecular weight. Miner Eng 23:921–927. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2010.03.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bokias G, Mylonas Y, Staikos G, Bumbu GG, Vasile C (2001) Synthesis and aqueous solution properties of novel thermoresponsive graft copolymers based on a carboxymethylcellulose backbone. Macromolecules 34:4958–4964. doi:10.1021/ma010154e

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Charpentier D, Mocanu G, Carpov A, Chapelle S, Merle L, Muller G (1997) New hydrophobically modified carboxymethycellulose derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 33:177–186. doi:10.1016/S0144-8617(97)00031-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Guillot S, Delsanti M, Désert S, Langevin D (2003) Surfactant-induced collapse of polymer chains and monodisperse growth of aggregates near the precipitation boundary in carboxymethylcellulose-DTAB aqueous solutions. Langmuir 19:230–237. doi:10.1021/la0206561

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lin OH, Kumar RN, Rozman HD, Noor MAM (2005) Grafting of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with glycidyl methacrylate and development of UV curable coating from CMC-g-GMA induced by cationic photoinitiators. Carbohydr Polym 59:57–69. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2004.08.027

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Moura MR, Rubira AF, Muniz EC (2008) Hidrogéis semi-IPN baseados em rede de alginato-Ca2+ com PNIPAAm entrelaçado: propriedades hidrofílicas, morfológicas e mecânicas. Polim Cienc Tecnol 18:132–137. doi:10.1590/S0104-14282008000200010

    Google Scholar 

  15. Marques NN, Maia AMS, Curti PS, Balaban RC (2010) Efeito da temperatura de síntese sobre a massa molar do polímero termossensível poli(N-isopropilacrilamida). Livro eletrônico—Anais/Resumos da 62a Reunião Anual da SBPC. http://www.sbpcnet.org.br/livro/62ra/resumos/resumos/2891.htm. Accessed 10 Nov 2011

  16. Harding SE (1997) The intrinsic viscosity of biological macromolecules. Progress in measurement, interpretation and application to structure in dilute solution. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 68:207–262. doi:10.1016/S0079-6107(97)00027-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Muniz EC, Geuskens G (2001) Compressive elastic modulus of polyacrylamide hydrogels and semi-IPNs with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Macromolecules 34:4480–4484. doi:10.1021/ma001192l

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Vidal RRL, Balaban R, Borsali R (2008) Amphiphilic derivatives of carboxymethylcellulose: evidence for intra- and intermolecular hydrophobic associations in aqueous solutions. Polym Eng Sci 48:2011–2026. doi:10.1002/pen.21180

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Tam KC, Wu XY, Pelton RH (1992) Viscosimetry—a useful tool for studying conformational changes of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in solutions. Polymer 33:436–438. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(92)91008-P

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhang X, Zhou L, Zhang X, Dai H (2010) Synthesis and solution properties of temperature-sensitive copolymers based on NIPAM. J Appl Pol Sci 116:1099–1105. doi:10.1002/app.31574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bajpai A, Shukla S, Saini R, Tiwari A (2010) Stimuli responsive drug delivery systems: from introduction to application. In: Temperature-sensitive release systems. iSmithers, Shawbury, pp 107–112

  22. Aguilar MR, Elvira C, Gallardo A, Vázquez B, Román JS (2007) Smart polymers and their applications as biomaterials, chap 6. In: Ashammakhi N, Reis R, Chiellini E (eds) Topics in tissue engineering, vol 3., pp 1–23

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bokias G, Hourdet D, IIiopoulos I, Staikos G, Audebert R (1997) Hydrophobic interactions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with hydrophobically modified poly(sodium acrylate) in aqueous solution. Macromolecules 30:8293–8297. doi:10.1021/ma970884f

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the PRH30/ANP/MCT, PETROBRAS and CAPES—an entity of the Brazilian Government directed toward the training of human resources—for their financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. LAPET—Laboratory of Petroleum Research, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, P.O. Box 1662, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil

    Bruna V. de Lima, Nívia do N. Marques, Ana M. S. Maia & Rosangela de C. Balaban

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Campus de Ondina, Salvador, BA, Brazil

    Rosangela R. L. Vidal

Authors
  1. Bruna V. de Lima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rosangela R. L. Vidal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nívia do N. Marques
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ana M. S. Maia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Rosangela de C. Balaban
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rosangela de C. Balaban.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

de Lima, B.V., Vidal, R.R.L., do N. Marques, N. et al. Temperature-induced thickening of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) physical blends in aqueous solution. Polym. Bull. 69, 1093–1101 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-012-0813-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-012-0813-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation