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The Conspicuity of CRISPR-Cpf1 System as a Significant Breakthrough in Genome Editing

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Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)—CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) is a microbial adaptive immune system. CRISPR-Cas systems are classified into two main classes and six types. Cpf1 is a putative type V (class II) CRISPR effector, which has revolutionized the genome editing approaches through multiple distinct features such as using T-rich protospacer-adjacent motif, applying a short guide RNA lacking trans-activating crRNA, introducing a staggered double-strand break, and possessing RNA processing activity in addition to DNA nuclease activity. In the present review, we attempt to highlight most recent advances in CRISPR-Cpf1 (CRISPR-Cas12a) system in particular, considering ground expeditions of the nature and the biology of this system, introducing novel Cpf1 variants that have broadened the versatility and feasibility of CRISPR-Cpf1 system, and lastly the great impact of the CRISPR-Cpf1 system on the manipulation of the genome of prokaryotic, mammalian, and plant models is summarized. With regard to recent developments in utilizing the CRISPR-Cpf1 system in genome editing of various organisms, it can be concluded with confidence that this system is a reliable molecular toolbox of genome editing approaches.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Medical Nano-Technology & Tissue Engineering Research Center and School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.

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  1. Medical Nano-Technology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hadi Bayat & Azam Rahimpour

  2. Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hadi Bayat & Azam Rahimpour

  3. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hossein Modarressi

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Bayat, H., Modarressi, M.H. & Rahimpour, A. The Conspicuity of CRISPR-Cpf1 System as a Significant Breakthrough in Genome Editing. Curr Microbiol 75, 107–115 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-017-1406-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-017-1406-8

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