Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Magnetic resonance enterography in post-operative inflammatory bowel disease

  • Pictorial Essay
  • Published:
Abdominal Imaging Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To describe the role of magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to review the expected post-operative appearance, as well as, potential surgical complications in this unique patient population.

Conclusion

MRE compares favorably to CT Enterography (CTE) in terms of overall diagnostic accuracy and may provide better functional assessment of the small bowel through cine-MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhancement. In the post-operative population, MRE provides critical information including: normal post-surgical anatomy, chronic strictures vs. active inflammation and disease/treatment-related complications. The post-operative IBD patient undergoes frequent repeated imaging and MRE may significantly reduce cumulative radiation dose while providing similar or improved diagnostic accuracy compared to CTE. MRE should be considered as an alternative imaging modality in this population.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Molodecky NA, Soon IS, Rabi DM, et al. (2012) Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review. Gastroenterology 142(1):46–54.e42; quiz e30. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.001

  2. Siddiki HA, Fidler JL, Fletcher JG, et al. (2009) Prospective comparison of state-of-the-art MR enterography and CT enterography in small-bowel Crohn’s disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 193(1):113–121. doi:10.2214/AJR.08.2027

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Martin DR, Kalb B, Sauer CG, Alazraki A, Goldschmid S (2012) Magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn’s disease: techniques, interpretation, and utilization for clinical management. Diagn Interv Radiol 18(4):374–386. doi:10.4261/1305-3825.DIR.4893-11.2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Desmond AN, O’Regan K, Curran C, et al. (2008) Crohn’s disease: factors associated with exposure to high levels of diagnostic radiation. Gut 57(11):1524–1529. doi:10.1136/gut.2008.151415

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Palmer L, Herfarth H, Porter CQ, et al. (2009) Diagnostic ionizing radiation exposure in a population-based sample of children with inflammatory bowel diseases. Am J Gastroenterol 104(11):2816–2823. doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.480

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Newnham E, Hawkes E, Surender A, et al. (2007) Quantifying exposure to diagnostic medical radiation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: are we contributing to malignancy? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26(7):1019–1024. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03449.x

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Jaffe TA, Gaca AM, Delaney S, et al. (2007) Radiation doses from small-bowel follow-through and abdominopelvic MDCT in Crohn’s disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 189(5):1015–1022. doi:10.2214/ajr.07.2427

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chatu S, Subramanian V, Pollok RC (2012) Meta-analysis: diagnostic medical radiation exposure in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 35(5):529–539. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04975.x

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sinha R, Verma R, Verma S, Rajesh A (2011) MR enterography of Crohn disease: part 1, rationale, technique, and pitfalls. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197(1):76–79. doi:10.2214/AJR.10.7253

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Leyendecker JR, Bloomfeld RS, DiSantis DJ, et al. (2009) MR enterography in the management of patients with Crohn disease. Radiographics: Rev Publ Radiol Soc N Am 29(6):1827–1846. doi:10.1148/rg.296095510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lee SS, Kim AY, Yang SK, et al. (2009) Crohn disease of the small bowel: comparison of CT enterography, MR enterography, and small-bowel follow-through as diagnostic techniques. Radiology 251(3):751–761. doi:10.1148/radiol.2513081184

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Schmidt S, Guibal A, Meuwly JY, et al. (2010) Acute complications of Crohn’s disease: comparison of multidetector-row computed tomographic enterography with magnetic resonance enterography. Digestion 82(4):229–238. doi:10.1159/000288521

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Horsthuis K, Bipat S, Bennink RJ, Stoker J (2008) Inflammatory bowel disease diagnosed with US, MR, scintigraphy, and CT: meta-analysis of prospective studies. Radiology 247(1):64–79. doi:10.1148/radiol.2471070611

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Qiu Y, Mao R, Chen BL, et al. (2014) Systematic review with meta-analysis: magnetic resonance enterography vs. computed tomography enterography for evaluating disease activity in small bowel Crohn’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 40(2):134–146. doi:10.1111/apt.12815

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hara AK, Leighton JA, Heigh RI, et al. (2006) Crohn disease of the small bowel: preliminary comparison among CT enterography, capsule endoscopy, small-bowel follow-through, and ileoscopy. Radiology 238(1):128–134. doi:10.1148/radiol.2381050296

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Wold PB, Fletcher JG, Johnson CD, Sandborn WJ (2003) Assessment of small bowel Crohn disease: noninvasive peroral CT enterography compared with other imaging methods and endoscopy–feasibility study. Radiology 229(1):275–281. doi:10.1148/radiol.2291020877

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Albert JG, Martiny F, Krummenerl A, et al. (2005) Diagnosis of small bowel Crohn’s disease: a prospective comparison of capsule endoscopy with magnetic resonance imaging and fluoroscopic enteroclysis. Gut 54(12):1721–1727. doi:10.1136/gut.2005.069427

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Bernstein CN, Greenberg H, Boult I, et al. (2005) A prospective comparison study of MRI versus small bowel follow-through in recurrent Crohn’s disease. Am J Gastroenterol 100(11):2493–2502. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00239.x

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Maglinte DD, Sandrasegaran K, Chiorean M, et al. (2007) Radiologic investigations complement and add diagnostic information to capsule endoscopy of small-bowel diseases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 189(2):306–312. doi:10.2214/ajr.07.2253

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Tielbeek JA, Ziech ML, Li Z, et al. (2014) Evaluation of conventional, dynamic contrast enhanced and diffusion weighted MRI for quantitative Crohn’s disease assessment with histopathology of surgical specimens. Eur Radiol 24(3):619–629. doi:10.1007/s00330-013-3015-7

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Giusti S, Faggioni L, Neri E, et al. (2010) Dynamic MRI of the small bowel: usefulness of quantitative contrast-enhancement parameters and time-signal intensity curves for differentiating between active and inactive Crohn’s disease. Abdom Imaging 35(6):646–653. doi:10.1007/s00261-010-9624-6

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Masselli G, Gualdi G (2013) CT and MR enterography in evaluating small bowel diseases: when to use which modality? Abdom Imaging 38(2):249–259. doi:10.1007/s00261-012-9961-8

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Torkzad MR, Vargas R, Tanaka C, Blomqvist L (2007) Value of cine MRI for better visualization of the proximal small bowel in normal individuals. Eur Radiol 17(11):2964–2968. doi:10.1007/s00330-007-0721-z

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Allen BC, Leyendecker JR (2014) MR enterography for assessment and management of small bowel Crohn disease. Radiol Clin North Am 52(4):799–810. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2014.02.001

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Udayasankar UK, Martin D, Lauenstein T, et al. (2008) Role of spectral presaturation attenuated inversion-recovery fat-suppressed T2-weighted MR imaging in active inflammatory bowel disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 28(5):1133–1140. doi:10.1002/jmri.21574

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Cronin CG, Lohan DG, Mhuircheartaigh JN, et al. (2008) MRI small-bowel follow-through: prone versus supine patient positioning for best small-bowel distention and lesion detection. AJR Am J Roentgenol 191(2):502–506. doi:10.2214/ajr.07.2338

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Negaard A, Paulsen V, Sandvik L, et al. (2007) A prospective randomized comparison between two MRI studies of the small bowel in Crohn’s disease, the oral contrast method and MR enteroclysis. Eur Radiol 17(9):2294–2301. doi:10.1007/s00330-007-0648-4

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Young BM, Fletcher JG, Booya F, et al. (2008) Head-to-head comparison of oral contrast agents for cross-sectional enterography: small bowel distention, timing, and side effects. J Comput Assist Tomogr 32(1):32–38. doi:10.1097/RCT.0b013e318061961d

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Ajaj W, Goyen M, Schneemann H, et al. (2005) Oral contrast agents for small bowel distension in MRI: influence of the osmolarity for small bowel distention. Eur Radiol 15(7):1400–1406. doi:10.1007/s00330-005-2711-3

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Negaard A, Sandvik L, Berstad AE, et al. (2008) MRI of the small bowel with oral contrast or nasojejunal intubation in Crohn’s disease: randomized comparison of patient acceptance. Scand J Gastroenterol 43(1):44–51. doi:10.1080/00365520701494813

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Masselli G, Casciani E, Polettini E, Gualdi G (2008) Comparison of MR enteroclysis with MR enterography and conventional enteroclysis in patients with Crohn’s disease. Eur Radiol 18(3):438–447. doi:10.1007/s00330-007-0763-2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Tonolini M, Campari A, Bianco R (2011) Ileal pouch and related complications: spectrum of imaging findings with emphasis on MRI. Abdom Imaging 36(6):698–706. doi:10.1007/s00261-011-9693-1

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Hoeffel C, Arrive L, Mourra N, et al. (2006) Anatomic and pathologic findings at external phased-array pelvic MR imaging after surgery for anorectal disease. Radiographics: Rev Publ Radiol Soc N Am 26(5):1391–1407. doi:10.1148/rg.265055723

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Broder JC, Tkacz JN, Anderson SW, Soto JA, Gupta A (2010) Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis surgery: imaging and intervention for post-operative complications. Radiographics: Rev Publ Radiol Soc N Am 30(1):221–233. doi:10.1148/rg.301095084

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Buisson A, Joubert A, Montoriol PF, et al. (2013) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for detecting and assessing ileal inflammation in Crohn’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 37(5):537–545. doi:10.1111/apt.12201

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Oto A, Kayhan A, Williams JT, et al. (2011) Active Crohn’s disease in the small bowel: evaluation by diffusion weighted imaging and quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 33(3):615–624. doi:10.1002/jmri.22435

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Guglielmo FF, Mitchell DG, O’Kane PL, et al. (2014) Erratum to: Identifying decreased peristalsis of abnormal small bowel segments in Crohn’s disease using cine MR enterography: the frozen bowel sign. Abdom Imaging . doi:10.1007/s00261-014-0293-8

    Google Scholar 

  38. Heye T, Stein D, Antolovic D, et al. (2012) Evaluation of bowel peristalsis by dynamic cine MRI: detection of relevant functional disturbances—initial experience. J Magn Reson Imaging 35(4):859–867. doi:10.1002/jmri.22851

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Florie J, Wasser MN, Arts-Cieslik K, et al. (2006) Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the bowel wall for assessment of disease activity in Crohn’s disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 186(5):1384–1392. doi:10.2214/ajr.04.1454

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Pauls S, Gabelmann A, Schmidt SA, et al. (2006) Evaluating bowel wall vascularity in Crohn’s disease: a comparison of dynamic MRI and wideband harmonic imaging contrast-enhanced low MI ultrasound. Eur Radiol 16(11):2410–2417. doi:10.1007/s00330-006-0330-2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Del Vescovo R, Sansoni I, Caviglia R, et al. (2008) Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the terminal ileum: differentiation of activity of Crohn’s disease. Abdom Imaging 33(4):417–424. doi:10.1007/s00261-007-9267-4

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Yacoub JH, Obara P, Oto A (2013) Evolving role of MRI in Crohn’s disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 37(6):1277–1289. doi:10.1002/jmri.24081

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Roses RE, Rombeau JL (2008) Recent trends in the surgical management of inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 14(3):408–412

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Shaffer VO, Wexner SD (2013) Surgical management of Crohn’s disease. Langenbeck’s archives of surgery/Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie 398(1):13–27. doi:10.1007/s00423-012-0919-7

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Nanda K, Courtney W, Keegan D, et al. (2013) Prolonged avoidance of repeat surgery with endoscopic balloon dilatation of anastomotic strictures in Crohn’s disease. J Crohn’s Colitis 7(6):474–480. doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2012.07.019

    Google Scholar 

  46. Sinha R, Verma R, Verma S, Rajesh A (2011) MR enterography of Crohn disease: part 2, imaging and pathologic findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197(1):80–85. doi:10.2214/AJR.11.6740

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Yacoub JH, Oto A (2014) New magnetic resonance imaging modalities for Crohn disease. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 22(1):35–50. doi:10.1016/j.mric.2013.07.005

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Knuesel PR, Kubik RA, Crook DW, Eigenmann F, Froehlich JM (2010) Assessment of dynamic contrast enhancement of the small bowel in active Crohn’s disease using 3D MR enterography. Eur J Radiol 73(3):607–613. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.12.001

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Horsthuis K, Bipat S, Stokkers PC, Stoker J (2009) Magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of disease activity in Crohn’s disease: a systematic review. Eur Radiol 19(6):1450–1460. doi:10.1007/s00330-008-1287-0

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Kiryu S, Dodanuki K, Takao H, et al. (2009) Free-breathing diffusion-weighted imaging for the assessment of inflammatory activity in Crohn’s disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 29(4):880–886. doi:10.1002/jmri.21725

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Griffin N, Grant LA, Anderson S, Irving P, Sanderson J (2012) Small bowel MR enterography: problem solving in Crohn’s disease. Insights Imaging 3(3):251–263. doi:10.1007/s13244-012-0154-3

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Oussalah A, Laurent V, Bruot O, et al. (2010) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance without bowel preparation for detecting colonic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 59(8):1056–1065. doi:10.1136/gut.2009.197665

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Oto A, Zhu F, Kulkarni K, et al. (2009) Evaluation of diffusion-weighted MR imaging for detection of bowel inflammation in patients with Crohn’s disease. Acad Radiol 16(5):597–603. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2008.11.009

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Silva AC, Pimenta M, Guimaraes LS (2009) Small bowel obstruction: what to look for. Radiographics: Rev Publ Radiol Soc N Am 29(2):423–439. doi:10.1148/rg.292085514

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Tirumani H, Vassa R, Fasih N, Ojili V (2014) Small bowel obstruction in the emergency department: MDCT features of common and uncommon causes. Clin Imaging . doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2014.04.010

    Google Scholar 

  56. Martin LC, Merkle EM, Thompson WM (2006) Review of internal hernias: radiographic and clinical findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 186(3):703–717. doi:10.2214/ajr.05.0644

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Lam TJ, van Bodegraven AA, Felt-Bersma RJ (2014) Anorectal complications and function in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease: a series of patients with long-term follow-up. Int J Colorectal Dis 29(8):923–929. doi:10.1007/s00384-014-1926-7

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Iesalnieks I, Kilger A, Kalisch B, et al. (2011) Treatment of the anastomotic complications in patients with Crohn’s disease. Int J Colorectal Dis 26(2):239–244. doi:10.1007/s00384-010-1031-5

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. de Miguel Criado J, del Salto LG, Rivas PF, del Hoyo LF, Velasco LG, de las Vacas MI, Marco Sanz AG, Paradela MM, Moreno EF (2012) MR imaging evaluation of perianal fistulas: spectrum of imaging features. Radiographics: Rev Publ Radiol Soc N Am 32(1):175–194. doi:10.1148/rg.321115040

  60. Myhr GE, Myrvold HE, Nilsen G, Thoresen JE, Rinck PA (1994) Perianal fistulas: use of MR imaging for diagnosis. Radiology 191(2):545–549. doi:10.1148/radiology.191.2.8153337

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Szurowska E, Wypych J, Izycka-Swieszewska E (2007) Perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease: MRI diagnosis and surgical planning: MRI in fistulazing perianal Crohn’s disease. Abdom Imaging 32(6):705–718. doi:10.1007/s00261-007-9188-2

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Halligan S, Stoker J (2006) Imaging of fistula in ano. Radiology 239(1):18–33. doi:10.1148/radiol.2391041043

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Bellolio F, Cohen Z, Macrae HM, et al. (2013) Outcomes following surgery for perforating Crohn’s disease. Brit J Surg 100(10):1344–1348. doi:10.1002/bjs.9212

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Liu B, Ramalho M, AlObaidy M, et al. (2014) Gastrointestinal imaging-practical magnetic resonance imaging approach. World J Radiol 6(8):544–566. doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i8.544

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Oto A, Schmid-Tannwald C, Agrawal G, et al. (2011) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of abdominopelvic abscesses. Emerg Radiol 18(6):515–524. doi:10.1007/s10140-011-0976-1

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Magnano G, Granata C, Barabino A, et al. (2003) Polyethylene glycol and contrast-enhanced MRI of Crohn’s disease in children: preliminary experience. Pediatr Radiol 33(6):385–391. doi:10.1007/s00247-003-0903-z

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Keighley MR (2000) The final diagnosis in pouch patients for presumed ulcerative colitis may change to Crohn’s disease: patients should be warned of the consequences. Acta Chir Iugosl 47(4 Suppl 1):27–31

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Hyman NH, Fazio VW, Tuckson WB, Lavery IC (1991) Consequences of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for Crohn’s colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 34(8):653–657

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Subramaniam K, D’Rozario J, Pavli P (2013) Lymphoma and other lymphoproliferative disorders in inflammatory bowel disease: a review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28(1):24–30. doi:10.1111/jgh.12015

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Claessen MM, Siersema PD, Vleggaar FP (2011) IBD-related carcinoma and lymphoma. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 25(Suppl 1):S27–S38. doi:10.1016/s1521-6918(11)70007-5

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Masselli G, Polettini E, Casciani E, et al. (2009) Small-bowel neoplasms: prospective evaluation of MR enteroclysis. Radiology 251(3):743–750. doi:10.1148/radiol.2513081819

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Lohan DG, Alhajeri AN, Cronin CG, Roche CJ, Murphy JM (2008) MR enterography of small-bowel lymphoma: potential for suggestion of histologic subtype and the presence of underlying celiac disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 190(2):287–293. doi:10.2214/ajr.07.2721

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. van der Paardt MP, Zijta FM, Boellaard TN, et al. (2014) Magnetic resonance colonography with automated carbon dioxide insufflation: Diagnostic accuracy and distension. Eur J Radiol 83(5):743–750. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.01.013

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. van der Paardt MP, Stoker J (2014) Magnetic resonance colonography for screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 22(1):67–83. doi:10.1016/j.mric.2013.07.006

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Pappalardo G, Gualdi G, Nunziale A, et al. (2013) Impact of magnetic resonance in the preoperative staging and the surgical planning for treating small bowel neoplasms. Surg Today 43(6):613–619. doi:10.1007/s00595-012-0270-1

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Patel DR, Levine MS, Rubesin SE, Zafar H, Lev-Toaff AS (2013) Comparison of small bowel follow through and abdominal CT for detecting recurrent Crohn’s disease in neoterminal ileum. Eur J Radiol 82(3):464–471. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.10.032

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Fiorino G, Bonifacio C, Peyrin-Biroulet L, et al. (2011) Prospective comparison of computed tomography enterography and magnetic resonance enterography for assessment of disease activity and complications in ileocolonic Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 17(5):1073–1080. doi:10.1002/ibd.21533

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Sherman J, Greenstein AJ, Greenstein AJ (2014) Ileal J Pouch Complications and Surgical Solutions: a review. Inflamm Bowel Dis . doi:10.1097/mib.0000000000000086

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Hurst RD, Molinari M, Chung TP, Rubin M, Michelassi F (1996) Prospective study of the incidence, timing and treatment of pouchitis in 104 consecutive patients after restorative proctocolectomy. Arch Surg (Chicago, Ill: 1960) 131(5):497–500; discussion 501-492

  80. Nadgir RN, Soto JA, Dendrinos K, et al. (2006) MRI of complicated pouchitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 187(4):W386–W391. doi:10.2214/ajr.05.1019

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Crema MD, Richarme D, Azizi L, et al. (2006) Pouchography, CT, and MRI features of ileal J pouch-anal anastomosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 187(6):W594–W603. doi:10.2214/ajr.05.0870

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, The University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada

    Jeffrey S. Quon, Christopher S. Lim & Nicola Schieda

  2. Faculty of Medicine, 2J2.00 WC Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, The University of Alberta, 8440 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R7, Canada

    Phillip R. Quon

  3. Department of Medical Imaging, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, The University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada

    Nishard Abdeen

Authors
  1. Jeffrey S. Quon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Phillip R. Quon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Christopher S. Lim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Nishard Abdeen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Nicola Schieda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicola Schieda.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (WMV 4313 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Quon, J.S., Quon, P.R., Lim, C.S. et al. Magnetic resonance enterography in post-operative inflammatory bowel disease. Abdom Imaging 40, 1034–1049 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0392-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0392-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation