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Oscillating heat pipe simulation considering dryout phenomena

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Abstract

In heat transport devices such as oscillating heat pipe (OHP), dryout phenomena is very important and avoided in order to give the optimum performance. However, from the previous studies (including our studies), the dryout phenomena in OHP and its mechanism are still unclear. In our studies of OHP (Senjaya and Inoue in Appl Thermal Eng 60:251–255, 2013; Int J Heat Mass Transfer 60:816–824, 2013; Int J Heat Mass Transfer 60:825–835, 2013), we introduced the importance and roles of liquid film in the operating principle of OHP. In our previous simulation, the thickness of liquid film was assumed to be uniform along a vapor plug. Then, dryout never occurred because there was the liquid transfer from the liquid film in the cooling section to that in the heating section. In this research, the liquid film is not treated uniformly but it is meshed similarly with the vapor plugs and liquid slugs. All governing equations are also solved in each control volume of liquid film. The simulation results show that dryout occurs in the simulation without bubble generation and growth. Dryout is started in the middle of vapor plug, because the liquid supply from the left and right liquid slugs cannot reach until the liquid film in the middle of vapor plug, and propagates to the left and right sides of a vapor plug. By inserting the bubble generation and growth phenomena, dryout does not occur because the wall of heating section is always wetted during the bubble growth and the thickness of liquid film is almost constant. The effects of meshing size of liquid film and wall temperature of heating section are also investigated. The results show that the smaller meshing size, the smaller liquid transfer rate and the faster of dryout propagation. In the OHP with higher wall temperature of heating section, dryout and its propagation also occur faster.

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Abbreviations

A :

Cross sectional area (m2)

c p :

Specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

cf :

Liquid film-wall friction coefficient (–)

Cf :

Liquid film-vapor friction coefficient (–)

d :

Inner diameter of tube (m)

dx :

Length of cell/control volume (m)

F :

Friction force (N m−1)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

i :

Number of cell (–)

h fg :

Latent heat of vaporization (J kg−1)

L :

Length (m)

m :

Mass (kg)

P :

Pressure (Pa)

Q :

Heat transfer rate (W)

Re :

Reynolds number (–)

T :

Temperature (K)

v :

Velocity (m s−1)

x :

Length of liquid film (m)

δ :

Thickness of liquid film (μm)

Γ:

Rate of phase change (kg s−1)

λ:

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

σ :

Surface tension (N m−1)

c:

Condensation

cd:

Conduction

e:

Evaporation

ini:

Initial

l:

Liquid slug

lat:

Latent

lf:

Liquid film

max:

Maximum

min:

Minimum

sat:

Saturated

s:

Surface of liquid film

sen:

Sensible

v:

Vapor plug

w:

Wall

AS:

Adiabatic section

CS:

Cooling section

CV:

Control volume

HS:

Heating section

NS:

Nucleation site

OHP:

Oscillating heat pipe

TS:

Tube-size

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Acknowledgments

The first author (Raffles Senjaya) gratefully acknowledges the scholarship during his study in Tokyo Tech from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, Monbukagakusho (MEXT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-I1-49 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan

    Raffles Senjaya & Takayoshi Inoue

Authors
  1. Raffles Senjaya
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  2. Takayoshi Inoue
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Correspondence to Raffles Senjaya.

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Senjaya, R., Inoue, T. Oscillating heat pipe simulation considering dryout phenomena. Heat Mass Transfer 50, 1429–1441 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-014-1354-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-014-1354-9

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