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Hypodynamia Alters Bone Quality and Trabecular Microarchitecture

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Abstract

Disuse induces a rapid bone loss in humans and animals; hypodynamia/sedentarity is now recognized as a risk factor for osteoporosis. Hypodynamia also decreases bone mass but its effects are largely unknown and only few animal models have been described. Hypodynamic chicken is recognized as a suitable model of bone loss but the effects on the quality have not been fully explored. We have used ten chickens bred in a large enclosure (FREE group); ten others were confined in small cages with little space to move around (HYPO group). They were sacrificed at 53 days and femurs were evaluated by microcomputed tomography (microCT) and nanoindentation. Sections (4 µm thick) were analyzed by Fourier Transform InfraRed Microspectroscopy (FTIR) to see the effects on mineralization and collagen and quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) to image the mineral of the bone matrix. Trabecular bone volume and microarchitecture were significantly altered in the HYPO group. FTIR showed a significant reduction of the mineral-to-matrix ratio in the HYPO group associated with an increase in the carbonate content and an increase in crystallinity (calculated as the area ratio of subbands located at 1020 and 1030 cm−1) indicating a poor quality of the mineral. Collagen maturity (calculated as the area ratio of subbands located at 1660 and 1690 cm−1) was significantly reduced in the HYPO group. Reduced biomechanical properties were observed at the tissue level. Confined chicken represents a new model for the study of hypodynamia because bone changes are not created by a surgical lesion or a traumatic method. Animals have a reduced bone mass and present with an altered bone matrix quality which is less mineralized and whose collagen contains less crosslinks than in control chicken.

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Acknowledgements

This work was made possible by grants from the Ministry of Research. Many thanks to Mrs. Lechat for secretarial assistance, N. Retailleau for microCT, and A. Mieczkowska for FTIR analysis.

Author contributions

This study was conceived by EA and EG, and initiated by DC. Experimental analyses were designed by DC and performed by GM and the acknowledged technicians. Analysis of the data was performed by DC. The paper was written by DC and EA, the manuscript was revised by GM, and the final manuscript was approved by all the authors. There is no potential conflict of interest for all of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ONIRIS, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, route de Gachet, 44307, Nantes Cedex 3, France

    Eric Aguado & Eric Goyenvalle

  2. GEROM Groupe Etudes Remodelage Osseux et bioMatériaux, IRIS-IBS Institut de Biologie en Santé, CHU d’Angers, Université d’Angers, 49933, ANGERS Cedex, France

    Eric Aguado, Guillaume Mabilleau, Eric Goyenvalle & Daniel Chappard

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  1. Eric Aguado
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  2. Guillaume Mabilleau
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  3. Eric Goyenvalle
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Correspondence to Daniel Chappard.

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Conflict of interest

Eric Aguado, Guillaume Mabilleau, Eric Goyenvalle, and Daniel Chappard have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors. All procedures performed in the study were reviewed and approved by the ONIRIS Council on Animal Care (National Veterinary School of Nantes) and the Regional ethical Committee and conformed to the guidelines of the French Animal Care Committee.

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Aguado, E., Mabilleau, G., Goyenvalle, E. et al. Hypodynamia Alters Bone Quality and Trabecular Microarchitecture. Calcif Tissue Int 100, 332–340 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0235-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0235-x

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