Abstract
Tocochromanol composition was analysed in the seeds of nine various fruits: apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), red currant (Ribes rubrum L.), gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa L.), grape (Vitis vinifera L.), pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) and canary melon (Cucumis melo L.), recovered from by-products of fruit industry. The concentration range of subsequent tocopherols (Ts) and tocotrienols (T3s) was as follows: 1.29–29.30, 0.00–11.68, 0.42–95.11, 0.00–7.66, 0.03–5.03, 0.00–0.18 and 0.00–6.68 mg/100 g of seed dry weight for α-T, β-T, γ-T, δ-T, α-T3, β-T3 and γ-T3, respectively. The δ-T3 was not detected in any of the tested seeds. All tocochromanols were successfully separated by rapid RP-HPLC/FLD method and confirmed by the RP-UPLC-ESI/MS3 technique.
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Abbreviations
- RP-HPLC/FLD:
-
Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatograph/fluorescence detector
- RP-UPLC-ESI/MSn :
-
Reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation/mass spectrometry
- T:
-
Tocopherol
- T3:
-
Tocotrienol
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the National Research Programme “Sustainable Use of Local Resources (Entrails of the Earth, Forest, Food and Transport)—New Products and Technologies” project “Improvement and maintenance of apple quality, and new processing possibilities” (2010–2013).
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Górnaś, P., Pugajeva, I. & Segliņa, D. Seeds recovered from by-products of selected fruit processing as a rich source of tocochromanols: RP-HPLC/FLD and RP-UPLC-ESI/MSn study. Eur Food Res Technol 239, 519–524 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-014-2247-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-014-2247-3