Skip to main content
Log in

Studienlage zum zeitlichen Verlauf der Schlüsselbeinossifikation

Studies on the time course of clavicular ossification

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Rechtsmedizin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Für den Nachweis der Vollendung des 18. und des 21. Lebensjahrs kommt der Beurteilung der Schlüsselbeinossifikation im Kanon der von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forensische Altersdiagnostik (AGFAD) empfohlenen Methoden für Altersschätzungen bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen entscheidende Bedeutung zu. Zum zeitlichen Verlauf der Ossifikation der medialen Claviculaepiphyse liegen zahlreiche osteologische, projektionsradio-, computertomo-, magnetresonanztomo- und sonographische Untersuchungen vor. Die wesentlichen Studien werden modalitätengetrennt vorgestellt. Ihre Anwendbarkeit in der Altersschätzungspraxis wird diskutiert.

Abstract

The Study Group on Forensic Age Diagnostics recommends various methods for age estimation in living adolescents and young adults. Among these, the evaluation of clavicular ossification has a decisive role as to the question of whether the ages of 18 and 21 years have been completed. There are many studies that investigated the time course of clavicular ossification by means of osteology, projection radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and sonography. This article presents the relevant studies subdivided by modalities and discusses the respective applicability in age estimation practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3

Literatur

  1. Bassed RB, Drummer OH, Briggs C, Valenzuela A (2011) Age estimation and the medial clavicular epiphysis: analysis of the age of majority in an Australian population using computed tomography. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 7:148–154

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Black SM, Scheuer JL (1996) Age changes in the clavicle: from the early neonatal period to skeletal maturity. Int J Osteoarcheol 6:425–434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Brown AA, Derkyi-Kwarteng L, Amonoo-Kuofi HS (2013) Study on the time frame for ossification of the medial clavicular epiphyseal cartilage by X-ray in Ghanaian students. Int J Morphol 31:491–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cameriere R, De Luca S, De Angelis D et al (2012) Reliability of Schmeling’s stages of ossification of medial clavicular epiphyses and its validity to assess 18 years of age in living subjects. Int J Legal Med 126:923–932

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Cardoso HF (2008) Age estimation of adolescent and young adult male and female skeletons II, epiphyseal union at the upper limb and scapular girdle in a modern Portuguese skeletal sample. Am J Phys Anthropol 137:97–105

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Flecker H (1932) Roentgenographic observations of the times of appearance of epiphyses and their fusion with the diaphyses. J Anat 67:118–164

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Galstaun G (1937) A study of ossification as observed in Indian subjects. Indian J Med Res 25:267–324

    Google Scholar 

  8. Garamendi PM, Landa MI, Botella MC, Aleman I (2011) Forensic age estimation on digital X-ray images: medial epiphyses of the clavicle and first rib ossification in relation to chronological age. J Forensic Sci 56:3–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Gonsior M, Ramsthaler F, Gehl A, Verhoff MA (2013) Morphology as a cause for different classification of the ossification stage of the medial clavicular epiphysis by ultrasound, computed tomography, and macroscopy. Int J Legal Med 127:1013–1021

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hillewig E, De Tobel J, Cuche O et al (2011) Magnetic resonance imaging of the medial extremity of the clavicle in forensic bone age determination: a new four-minute approach. Eur Radiol 21:757–767

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Hillewig E, Degroote J, Van der Paelt T et al (2013) Magnetic resonance imaging of the sternal extremity of the clavicle in forensic age estimation: towards more sound age estimates. Int J Legal Med 127:677–689

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ji L, Terazawa K, Tsukamoto T, Haga K (1994) Estimation of age from epiphyseal union degrees of the sternal end of the clavicle. Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 69:104–111

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Jit I, Kullkarni M (1976) Times of appearance and fusion of epiphysis at the medial end of the clavicle. Indian J Med Res 64:773–778

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kaur G, Khandelwal N, Jasuja OP (2010) Computed tomographic studies on ossification status of medial epiphysis of clavicle: effect of slice thickness and dose distribution. J Indian Acad Forensic Med 32:298–302

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kellinghaus M, Schulz R, Vieth V et al (2010) Enhanced possibilities to make statements on the ossification status of the medial clavicular epiphysis using an amplified staging scheme in evaluating thin-slice CT scans. Int J Legal Med 124:321–325

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kellinghaus M, Schulz R, Vieth V et al (2010) Forensic age estimation in living subjects based on the ossification status of the medial clavicular epiphysis as revealed by thin-slice multidetector computed tomography. Int J Legal Med 124:149–154

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kreitner K-F, Schweden F, Schild HH et al (1997) Die computertomographisch bestimmte Ausreifung der medialen Klavikulaepiphyse – eine additive Methode zur Altersbestimmung im Adoleszentenalter und in der dritten Lebensdekade? Röfo 166:481–486

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kreitner K-F, Schweden FJ, Riepert T et al (1998) Bone age determination based on the study of the medial extremity of the clavicle. Eur Radiol 8:1116–1122

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Langley-Shirley N, Jantz RL (2010) A Bayesian approach to age estimation in modern Americans from the clavicle. J Forensic Sci 55:571–583

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. MacLaughlin SM (1990) Epiphyseal fusion at the sternal end of the clavicle in a modern Portugese skeletal sample. Antropol Port 8:59–68

    Google Scholar 

  21. McKern TW, Stewart TD (1957) Skeletal age changes in young American males. Analysed from the standpoint of age identification. In: Technical report EP 45. Quartermaster Research and Development Center, Environmental Protection Research Division. Natick, Massachusetts, S 89–97

  22. Mühler M, Schulz R, Schmidt S et al (2006) The influence of slice thickness on assessment of clavicle ossification in forensic age diagnostics. Int J Legal Med 120:15–17

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Owings Webb PA, Myers Suchey J (1985) Epiphyseal union of the anterior iliac crest and medial clavicle in a modern multiracial sample of American males and females. Am J Phys Anthropol 68:457–466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Quirmbach F, Ramsthaler F, Verhoff MA (2009) Evaluation of the ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis with a digital ultrasonic system to determine the age threshold of 21 years. Int J Legal Med 123:241–245

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Schmeling A, Schulz R, Reisinger W et al (2004) Studies on the time frame for ossification of the medial clavicular epiphyseal cartilage in conventional radiography. Int J Legal Med 118:5–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Schmidt S, Mühler M, Schmeling A et al (2007) Magnetic resonance imaging of the clavicular ossification. Int J Legal Med 121:321–324

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Schulz R, Mühler M, Mutze S et al (2005) Studies on the time frame for ossification of the medial epiphysis of the clavicle as revealed by CT scans. Int J Legal Med 119:142–145

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Schulz R, Mühler M, Reisinger W et al (2008) Radiographic staging of ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis. Int J Legal Med 122:55–58

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Schulz R, Zwiesigk P, Schiborr M et al (2008) Ultrasound studies on the time course of clavicular ossification. Int J Legal Med 122:163–167

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Schulz R, Schiborr M, Pfeiffer H et al (2013) Sonographic assessment of the ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis in 616 individuals. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 9:351–357

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Schulze D, Rother U, Fuhrmann A et al (2006) Correlation of age and ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis using computed tomography. Forensic Sci Int 158:184–189

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Singh J, Chavali KH (2011) Age estimation from clavicular epiphyseal union sequencing in a Northwest Indian population of the Chandigarh region. J Forensic Leg Med 18:82–87

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Stevenson PH (1924) Age order of epiphyseal union in man. Am J Phys Anthropol 7:53–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Tangmose S, Jensen KE, Lynnerup N (2014) Forensic age estimation from the clavicle using 1.0 T MRI – Preliminary results. Forensic Sci Int 234:7–12

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Todd TW, D’Errico J (1928) The clavicular epiphyses. Am J Anat 41:25–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Vieth V, Kellinghaus M, Schulz R et al (2010) Beurteilung des Ossifikationsstadiums der medialen Klavikulaepiphysenfuge. Vergleich von Projektionsradiographie, Computertomographie und Magnetresonanztomographie. Rechtsmedizin 20:483–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Vieth V, Schulz R, Brinkmeier P et al (2014) Age estimation in U-20 football players using 3.0 tesla MRI of the clavicle. Forensic Sci Int 241:118–122

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wittschieber D, Ottow C, Vieth V et al (2014) Projection radiography of the clavicle: still recommendable for forensic age diagnostics in living individuals? Int J Legal Med. doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1067-0

  39. Wittschieber D, Schulz R, Vieth V et al (2014) Influence of the examiner’s qualification and sources of error during stage determination of the medial clavicular epiphysis by means of computed tomography. Int J Legal Med 128:183–191

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Wittschieber D, Schulz R, Vieth V et al (2014) The value of sub-stages and thin slices for the assessment of the medial clavicular epiphysis: a prospective multi-center CT study. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 10:163–169

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. A. Schmeling, S. Schmidt, R. Schulz, D. Wittschieber und E. Rudolf geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Schmeling.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Schmeling, A., Schmidt, S., Schulz, R. et al. Studienlage zum zeitlichen Verlauf der Schlüsselbeinossifikation. Rechtsmedizin 24, 467–474 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00194-014-0989-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00194-014-0989-7

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation