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Internetbasierte Interventionen in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen

Überblick, Qualitätskriterien, Perspektiven

Internet-based interventions in the treatment of mental disorders

Overview, quality criteria, perspectives

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Psychische Erkrankungen werden oft nicht oder nicht ausreichend behandelt. Internetbasierte Interventionen werden als eine Möglichkeit angesehen, diese Lücke in der Versorgung psychischer Störungen zu schließen. Das Angebot an Interventionen ist jedoch sehr unübersichtlich.

Fragestellung

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Vorschlag für Kriterien zu entwickeln, anhand derer Behandler und Patienten empfehlenswerte internetbasierte Interventionen erkennen können.

Methoden

Auf Grundlage einer selektiven Literaturrecherche wurde zunächst die Evidenz zu internetbasierten Interventionen zur Behandlung psychischer Störungen zusammengefasst. Ein Expertengremium entwickelte dann auf Grundlage etablierter Systeme Qualitätskriterien zur systematischen Begutachtung telemedizinischer Anwendungen.

Ergebnisse

Internetbasierte Interventionen sind wirksam in der Behandlung einer Reihe psychischer Störungen. Die beste Evidenz besteht bei Depressionen und Angststörungen. Es wurde ein Vorschlag für einen Katalog von Kriterien entwickelt, anhand derer verfügbare internetbasierte Interventionen mithilfe einer Checkliste evaluiert werden können. Diese Kriterien werden in einem nächsten Schritt mit anderen Interessengruppen abgestimmt.

Diskussion

Unter Berücksichtigung von Qualitätskriterien können über das Internet verbreitete evidenzbasierte Interventionen zur Verbesserung der Versorgung von psychischen Störungen beitragen.

Abstract

Background

Mental disorders are frequently not or only insufficiently treated. Internet-based interventions offer the potential of closing the existing gaps in the treatment of mental disorders; however, it is very difficult for patients and providers to choose from the numerous interventions available.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop a set of quality criteria that can help patients and care providers to identify recommendable internet-based interventions.

Methods

A selective literature search was carried out and the existing evidence on internet-based interventions in the treatment of mental disorders was collated. A panel of experts then developed quality criteria based on existing models for the systematic assessment of telemedicine applications.

Results

Internet-based interventions are effective in the treatment of a broad range of mental disorders. The best evidence is available for depression and anxiety disorders. A set of criteria is proposed for the evaluation of available internet-based interventions using a checklist. These criteria have to be developed further with input from other stakeholders.

Discussion

When taking these quality criteria into account, evidence-based interventions available on the internet can make an important contribution to improvement of the care of patients with mental disorders.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland

    J. P. Klein & F. Hohagen

  2. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde, Berlin, Deutschland

    G. Gerlinger

  3. Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    C. Knaevelsrud

  4. Institut für Psychiatrische und Psychosomatische Psychotherapie, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland

    M. Bohus

  5. Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgien

    M. Bohus

  6. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, LMU München, München, Deutschland

    E. Meisenzahl

  7. Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland

    A. Kersting

  8. Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland

    S. Röhr & S. G. Riedel-Heller

  9. St. Alexius/St. Josef Krankenhaus, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Neuss, Deutschland

    U. Sprick

  10. Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland

    J. Dirmaier & M. Härter

  11. Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland

    U. Hegerl

  12. Zentrum für Neurologie, Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Alexianer St. Joseph Krankenhaus, Berlin, Deutschland

    I. Hauth

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  1. J. P. Klein
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  2. G. Gerlinger
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  3. C. Knaevelsrud
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  8. S. G. Riedel-Heller
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  9. U. Sprick
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Correspondence to J. P. Klein.

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Interessenkonflikt

J.P. Klein hielt bezahlte Vorträge und Workshops zu den Themen Psychotherapie chronischer Depression und psychiatrische Notfälle. Diese wurden von den Teilnehmern bezahlt. Er erhielt ferner Vortragsgelder von der Firma Servier und Forschungsgelder vom BMG. M. Bohus erhält Forschungsgelder von DFG, BMBF, AOK Baden Württemberg. M. Härter erhält Forschungsgelder von BMBF, BMG, Deutsche Krebshilfe, DRV Nord, MundiPharma und Lilly. C. Knaevelsrud erhält Forschungsgelder von DFG, BMBF, BMVG, BMZ sowie der TK. S.G. Riedel-Heller führt themenbezogene Forschungsprojekte durch, die vom BMBF und der AOK-Bund finanziert werden. U. Sprick hielt bezahlte Vorträge für die Firma Servier und ist Mitglied des Wissenschaftsboards der Firma Otsuka. Er ist wissenschaftlicher Leiter der Internet-Psychotherapie „net-step“ am SAJK Neuss. G. Gerlinger, E. Meisenzahl, A. Kersting, S. Röhr, J. Dirmaier, U. Hegerl, F. Hohagen und I. Hauth geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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J.P. Klein und G. Gerlinger haben zu gleichen Teilen zu der Arbeit beigetragen.

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Klein, J.P., Gerlinger, G., Knaevelsrud, C. et al. Internetbasierte Interventionen in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen. Nervenarzt 87, 1185–1193 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-016-0217-7

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