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Sterols and Triterpenyl alcohols in common pulpwoods and black liquor soaps

Sterole und Triterpenalkohole im Faserholz und in Tallölseifen

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Abstract

The amount and composition of lipophilic extractives, and especially of sterols and triterpenyl alcohols, were analysed for six important pulpwood species, i.e., Scots pine, Loblolly and Longleaf pine, Norway spruce, Siberian larch and Silver birch. Sulphate soaps (tall oil soaps) derived from these species were also analysed. Scots pine and Loblolly pine contained the highest amounts and Siberian larch the lowest amounts of lipophilic extractives. The highest amounts of sterols were found in birch. The sterols in wood occurred mainly as esters. Sitosterol was the main sterol in all species. Isolation and analysis of the steryl esters confirmed the natural occurrence of sitostanol esters in wood. Considering the use of sitosterol or sitostanol as cholesterol-lowering component in food products, a high ratio of sitosterol to campesterol is beneficial. This ratio was high in birch and pines but clearly lower in spruce and larch. The highest ratios of sitosterol to campesterol were found in soaps from pines and birch.

Zusammenfassung

Menge und Zusammensetzung der lipophilen Extrakte, speziell der Sterole und der Triterpenylalkohole wurden in sechs wichtigen Faserholzarten untersucht (drei Kiefernarten, Fichte, Sibirische Lärche und Birke). Auch die Tallölseifen aus dem Sulfataufschluss dieser Holzarten wurden untersucht. Der Gehalt an lipophilen Extrakten war bei den Kiefernarten Pinus sylvestris und Pinus taeda am höchsten, bei Larix sibirica am geringsten. Die höchsten Werte für die Sterole fanden sich bei Betula pendula. Die Sterole im Holz kommen meist als Ester vor. Sitosterol war das wichtigste Sterol in allen Holzarten. Isolierung und Analyse der Sterolester bestätigten das natürliche Vorkommen von Sitostanolestern im Holz. Für den Einsatz von Sitosterol oder Sitostanol als Cholesterinsenker in Nahrungsmitteln ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Verhältnis Sitosterol zu Campesterol hoch ist. Dieses Verhältnis ist hoch in der Birke und den Kiefernarten, wesentlich niedriger in Fichte und Lärche. Die höchsten Verhältnisse von Sitosterol zu Campesterol fanden sich in den Tallölseifen von Kiefern und von der Birke.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Åbo, Finland

    F. Vikström & B. Holmbom

  2. Raisio Benecol Ltd, 21200, Raisio, Finland

    A. Hamunen

Authors
  1. F. Vikström
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  2. B. Holmbom
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  3. A. Hamunen
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Correspondence to B. Holmbom.

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Vikström, F., Holmbom, B. & Hamunen, A. Sterols and Triterpenyl alcohols in common pulpwoods and black liquor soaps. Holz Roh Werkst 63, 303–308 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-005-0025-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-005-0025-4

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