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Epikardiales Fett

Bildgebung und Bedeutung für Erkrankungen des kardiovaskulären Systems

Epicardial fat

Imaging and implications for diseases of the cardiovascular system

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Zusammenfassung

Fett wird seit der Entdeckung des ob-Gen-Produkts Leptin als endokrines Organ angesehen. Insbesondere dem epikardialen Fett ist in den letzten Jahren vermehrte Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt worden. Das epikardiale Fett nimmt Aufgaben im Fettmetabolismus wahr, jedoch werden ihm auch schädliche parakrine, autokrine und systemische Wirkungen zugeschrieben. Die bildmorphologische Bestimmung des epikardialen Fettvolumens gelingt mittels der Echokardiographie, der Computertomographie oder der Magnetresonanztomographie. In diesem Review sollen zunächst grundlegende Betrachtungen der Physiologie und Pathophysiologie des epikardialen Fetts skizziert werden. Der Schwerpunkt des Reviews liegt dann auf der Vorstellung der Messmethoden des epikardialen Fetts mittels der einzelnen Bildgebungsmodalitäten und einem Literaturüberblick der Assoziationen des epikardialen Fetts zu Erkrankungen des kardiovaskulären Systems wie dem metabolischen Syndrom, der Herzinsuffizienz und der koronaren Herzkrankheit.

Abstract

Since the discovery of the obese (ob) gene product leptin, fat has been considered an endocrine organ. Especially epicardial fat has gained increasing attention in recent years. The epicardial fat plays a major role in fat metabolism; however, harmful properties have also been reported. Echocardiography, computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are the non-invasive tools used to measure epicardial fat volume. This review briefly introduces the basic physiological and pathophysiological considerations concerning epicardial fat. The main issue of this review is the presentation of non-invasive measurement techniques of epicardial fat using various imaging modalities and a literature overview of associations between epicardial fat and common cardiovascular diseases.

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Anmerkung

Diese Arbeit wurde unterstützt durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie – Herz- und Kreislaufforschung e.V. (Stipendium, M.N.).

Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. M. Niemann, H. Alkadhi, A. Gotschy, S. Kozerke und R. Manka geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Universität und ETH Zürich, Gloriastr. 35, CH-8092, Zürich, Schweiz

    M. Niemann, A. Gotschy, S. Kozerke & R. Manka

  2. Klinik für Kardiologie, Universitäres Herzzentrum, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz

    M. Niemann, A. Gotschy & R. Manka

  3. Abt. f. Innere Medizin I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    M. Niemann

  4. Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    M. Niemann

  5. Institut f. Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz

    H. Alkadhi & R. Manka

  6. Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, London, UK

    S. Kozerke

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  1. M. Niemann
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Niemann, M., Alkadhi, H., Gotschy, A. et al. Epikardiales Fett. Herz 40 (Suppl 3), 282–290 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-014-4146-6

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