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The renal kallikrein-kinin system in human and in experimental hypertension

Untersuchungen des renalen Kallikrein-Kinin Systems beim Menschen und bei experimenteller Hypertonie

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Zusammenfassung

Das Kallikrein-Kinin System der Niere ist im distalen Nephron lokalisiert und scheint in enger funktioneller Verbindung mit Mechanismen der Wasser- und Elektrolytausscheidung zu stehen. Es gibt Hinweise dafür, daß die Wirkungen des Nieren Kallikrein-Kinin Systems über die Freisetzung von Prostaglandinen vermittelt werden. Die Funktion des Nephron kann von den Kininen sowohl direkt als auch indirekt über eine Umverteilung der Nierendurchblutung beeinflußt werden. In mehreren Untersuchungen am Menschen und in Tierversuchen wurde gezeigt, daß die Kallikrein-Ausscheidung bei den meisten Formen der Hypertonie vermindert ist; eine Ausnahme bildet die durch Mineralokortikoide verursachte Hypertonie. Hier ist die Kallikrein-Ausscheidung erhöht. In Ratten, bei denen sich nach Salzbelastung ein Bluthochdruck entwickelt, ist Kallikrein erniedrigt.

Es bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen, ob erniedrigte Kallikrein-Spiegel einen pathogenetischen Faktor beim arteriellen Bluthochdruck und bei verschiedenen Nierenkrankheiten darstellen.

Summary

The kallikrein-kinin system in the kidney is localized in the distal nephron, where it appears to be linked to processes that control water and electrolyte excretion. Some evidence exists that the effect of the renal kallikrein-kinin system is partially mediated by the release of prostaglandins. It has not yet been determined whether endogenous kinins affect the function of the nephron directly or indirectly by changes in renal blood flow distribution. Further, a number of studies in animals and humans indicates that kallikrein excretion is decreased in most types of hypertension, with the exception of hypertension caused by an excess of mineralocorticoids (where kallikrein is increased). In rats susceptible to the hypertensive effect of salt, kallikrein is conspicuously decreased. In renal diseases, urinary kallikrein excretion is also decreased.

Finally, it still needs to be determined whether or not low kallikrein excretion is a pathogenetic factor in hypertension and renal diseases.

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  1. Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, 48202, Detroit, Michigan, USA

    O. A. Carretero M.D. & A. G. Scicli

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Carretero, O.A., Scicli, A.G. The renal kallikrein-kinin system in human and in experimental hypertension. Klin Wochenschr 56 (Suppl 1), 113–125 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01477462

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