Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Triploid banana cell growth phases and the correlation of medium pH changes with somatic embryogenesis in embryogenic cell suspension culture

  • Original Research Paper
  • Published:
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Embryogenic cell suspensions of Musa AAA and AAB genomic groups were cultured in a maintenance culture medium for 17 generations (lasting for 238 days). The cell growth phases and medium pH changes were also observed correspondingly. Three major growth phases of AAA genomic group have been focused, namely cell releasing, proliferation and globularization phases. During almost all the subculture generations the cell stocks of AAB ‘Raja’ were continuously characterized by proliferating cell aggregates while the globularization phase occurred only for short duration. The medium acidity levels of the cell stocks of AAA ‘Pei-Chiao’ and ‘Robusta’ were commonly scattered in a wider range of pH 3.3–5.3, while the AAB ‘Raja’ were deviated in a narrow range of pH 4.0–4.6. After subculture, culture medium showed biphasic pH changes, which were drastic pH falls followed by an auto-regulated steady-state level. The steady-state pH values in each of the three growth phases (i.e. cell releasing, proliferation and globularization phases) were of 3.3–4.0, 4.0–4.8 and 4.8–5.3 respectively. Morphological bipolarity and the efficiency in the formation of somatic embryos have been thoroughly discussed. Reported research indicates that the condition of pH below 4.6 may prevent the development of embryogenic cells towards polar growth.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

2iP:

Isopentenyladenosine

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

NAA:

Naphthaleneacetic acid

PEMs:

Proembryogenic masses

SCV:

Settled cell volume

References

  • Becker DK, Dugdale B, Smith MK, Harding RM, Dale JL (2000) Genetic transformation of Cavendish banana (Musa spp. AAA group) cv. Grand Nain via microprojectile bombardment. Plant Cell Rep 19:229–234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bögre L, Stefanov I, Ábrahám M, Somogyi I, Dudits D (1990) Differences in responses to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) treatment embryogenic lines of alfalfa In: Nijkamp HJJ, van der Plas LHW, van Aartrijk J (eds) Peogress in Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp427–436

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho DY, Lee EK, Lee S, Chung WI, Soh WY (2003) Enhanced somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in leaf explant cultures of Ostericum koreanum on medium of varying pH. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cul 75:215–222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conger BV, Hanning GE, Gray DJ, McDaniel JK (1983) Direct embryogenesis from mesophyll cells of orchardgrass. Science 221:850–851

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Côte FX, Domergue R, Monmarson S, Schwendiman J, Teisson C, Escalant JV (1996) Embryogenic cell suspension from the male flower of Musa AAA cv. Grand nain. Physiol Plant 97:285–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Jong A.J., Schmidt Ed DL, de Vries SC (1993) Early events in higher-plant embryogenesis. Plant Mol Biol 22:367–377

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dhed`a D, Dumortier F, Panis B, Vuylsteke D, De Langhe E (1991) Plant regeneration in cell suspension cultures of the cooking banana ‘Bluggoe’ cultivar (Musa spp. ABB). Fruits 46:125–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Dijak M, Smith DL, Wilson TJ, Brown DCW (1986) Stimulation of direct embryogenesis from mesophyll protoplasts of Medicago sativa. Plant Sci 5:468–470

    Google Scholar 

  • Escalant JV, Teisson C, Côte F (1994) Amplified somatic embryogenesis from male flowers of triploid banana and plantain cultivars (Musa spp.). In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 30:181–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Georget F, Domergue R, Ferrière N, Côte FX (2000) Morphohistological study of the different constituents of a banana (Musa AAA cv. Grande naine) embryogenic cell suspension. Plant Cell Rep 19:748–754

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodchild JA, Givan CV (1990) Influence of ammonium and extracellular pH on the amino and organic acid contents of suspension culture of Acer Pseudoplatnus. Physiol Plant 28:25–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann N, Nelson RL, Korban SS (2004) Influence of media components and pH on somatic embryo induction in three genotypes of soybean. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cul 77:157–163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang IC, Shii CT, Ma SS (1996) Cycling growth characters in embryogenic suspension culture derived from male inflorescence callus of banana AAA subgroup Cavendish and AAB cultivars Seminaire Franco-Chinois Sur Les Biotechnologies, Cirad-Montpellier, France, pp163–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Khalil SM, Cheah KT, Perez EA, Gaskill DA, Hu JS (2002) Regeneration of banana (Musa spp. AAB cv. Dwarf Brazilian) via secondary somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep 20:1128–1134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kreuger M, Postma E, Brouwer Y, van Holst GJ (1995) Somatic embryogenesis of Cyclamen persicum in liquid medium. Physiol Plant 94:605–612

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kriby EG, Leustek T, Lee MS (1987) Nitrogen nutrition In: Bonga JM, Durzan DJ (eds.) Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry, vol 1. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Lancaster, pp67–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Krikorian AD (1996) Strategies for "Minimal growth maintenance" of cell cultures: A perspective on management for extended duration experimentation in the microgravity environment of a space station. Bot Rev 62:41–108

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kropf DL, Henry CA, Gibbon BC (1995) Measurement and manipulation of cytosolic pH in polarizing zygotes. Eur J Cell Biol 68:297–305

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kropf DL, Jordan JR, Allen VW, Gibbon BC (1992) Cellular polarity in Pelvetia zygotes: Studies of intracellular pH and division alignment. Curr Top Plant Biochem Mol Physiol 11:143–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Liebl RA, Zehr UB, Teyker RH (1992) Influence of nitrogen form on extracellular pH and bentazon uptake by cultured soybean (Glycine max) cells. Weed Sci 40:418–423

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma SS, Shii CT, Huang PL, Liauh YW (1985) Tissue culture propagation of banana R.O.C.-Japan Symposium on the Agricultural Development. NTU, Taipei, Taiwan, pp18–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Maheswaran G, Williams EG. (1985) Origin and development of somatic embryos formed directly on immature embryos of Trifolium repens in vitro. Ann Bot 56:619–630

    Google Scholar 

  • Moura-Costa PH, Viana AM, Mantell SH (1993) In vitro plantlet regeneration of Ocotea catharinensis, and endangered Brazilian hardwood forest tree. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cul 35:279–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T, Skoog T (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473– 497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro C, Escobedo RM, Mayo A (1997) In vitro plant regeneration from embryogenic cultures of a diploid and a triploid, Cavendish banana. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 51:17–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sagi L, May GD, Remy S, Swennen R (1998) Recent developments in biotechnological research on bananas (Musa spp.). Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 15:313–327

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schenk RU, Hildebrandt AC (1971) Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Can J Bot 50:199–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Shii CT, Ma SS, Huang IC, Ching WH (1992) Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration in suspension cell cultures of triploid banana (Musa AAA) subgroup Cavendish. Intl. Sym. Recent Develop Banana Cult. Tech. Abs. TBRI, Pingtung, Taiwan, pp21–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith DL, Krikorian AD (1992) Low external pH prevents cell elongation but not multiplication of embryogenic carrot cells. Physiol Plant 84:495–501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strosse H, Schoofs H, Panis B, Andre E, Reyniers K, Swennen R (2006) Development of embrypgenic cell suspensions from shoot meristematic tissue in bananas and plantains (Musa spp.). Plant Sci 170:104–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vasil V, Redway F, Vasil IK (1990) Regeneration of plants from embryogenic suspension culture protoplasts of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bio/technology 8:429–434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams RR (1995) The chemical microenvironment In: Aitken-Christie J, Kozai T, Smith MAL (eds) Automation and Environmental Control in Plant Tissue Culture. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, pp405–439

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshihara T, Hanyu H (1992) pH changes in culture medium with progress of growing stages, callus, multiple shoot and intact plant of strawberry. Acta Hortic 1:291–296

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This project was supported by a grant from National Science Council, Taipei Taiwan, R.O.C (NSC 87-2313-B-002-030). We thank Professor Shih-Yow Huang, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTU, for bioreactor technique advisor.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-Modern Agriculture, MingDao University, 369 Wen-Hua Road, Peetow, ChangHua, 52325, Taiwan

    Jen-Ping Chung

  2. Horticulture, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Tsu-Liang Chang & Chou Tou Shii

  3. Computer Science and Information Engineering, MingDao University, 369 Wen-Hua Road, Peetow, ChangHua, 52325, Taiwan

    Albert Yu-Ming Chi

Authors
  1. Jen-Ping Chung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tsu-Liang Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Albert Yu-Ming Chi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Chou Tou Shii
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chou Tou Shii.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chung, JP., Chang, TL., Chi, A.YM. et al. Triploid banana cell growth phases and the correlation of medium pH changes with somatic embryogenesis in embryogenic cell suspension culture. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 87, 305–314 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-006-9168-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-006-9168-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation