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New marsileaceous fossils from the Late Cretaceous of South America and a reevaluation of Marsileaceaephyllum

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An Erratum to this article was published on 16 October 2013

Abstract

Herein we report new macrofossils and associated microfossils representing the aquatic fern family Marsileaceae from the Campanian to Maastrichtian Cañadón del Irupé locality, La Colonia Formation, Chubut Province, Argentina. The macrofossils include compound leaves, detached leaflets, and sporocarps. The venation of the leaflets is consistent with the diagnosis of Marsileaceaephyllum, which we argue is poorly defined. Consequently, the circumscription and diagnosis of Marsileaceaephyllum are emended in order to limit the taxon to include only leaves or rhizomes bearing leaves with four leaflets that most resemble those of Marsilea among extant genera of Marsileaceae. The Cañadón del Irupé leaves and leaflets are assigned to the new genus Mirasolita, erected to encompass compound leaves bearing two petiolulate leaflets, each leaflet having a reniform lamina and reticulate venation. The architecture of Mirasolita leaves and leaflets is distinct from that of leaves of any of the living marsileaceous genera. The stalked sporocarps are assigned to the new genus Lugiomarsiglia. They are attributed to Marsileaceae because each has a sclerenchymatous wall surrounding circular bodies interpreted as sporangia. Associated megaspores are assigned to Molaspora lobata, a geographically widespread, primarily Late Cretaceous dispersed spore taxon. The co-occurrence of Molaspora lobata with an extinct marsileaceous leaf form fits a pattern wherein Cretaceous Regnellidium-like megaspores are associated with or found in situ within marsileaceous macrofossils that display a variety of morphologies.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the L.H. Bailey Hortorium Herbarium (BH), the Cornell University Plant Anatomy Collection (CUPAC), and the Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio (MEF) for access to collections of extant plants, anatomical slides, and fossil specimens, respectively; members of the field crews who assisted in collecting the fossil specimens, including P. Puerta, M. Caffa, J. Carballido, M. Dellocca, and C. González; staff of the MEF for assistance with preparing specimens; E. Ruigómez for assistance in the MEF collections; MEF, BH, the Cornell University Plant Histology Unit, W.L. Crepet, and K.C. Nixon for access to cameras and microscopes for specimen examination and photography; J. Svitko for photographing specimens from herbarium sheets held by BH and slides held by CUPAC; J. Reveal for discussion of the taxonomy of Marsileaceaephyllum and assistance in naming the fossil sporocarps; J. Kvaček for useful clarifications concerning the Grünbach Marsileaeceaphyllum specimens; R. Lupia and two anonymous reviewers for providing comments on a previous version of this manuscript; and N. Nagalingum and an anonymous reviewer for providing comments on a revised version. Funding for this research was provided by the American Philosophical Society Franklin Award and U.S. National Science Foundation grant DEB-0918932 to MAG; and NSF grant DEB-0919071 and CONICET grant 12410 to NRC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA

    Elizabeth J. Hermsen

  2. Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA

    María A. Gandolfo

  3. Museo Paleontológico Egidio Fergulio-CONICET, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina

    N. Rubén Cúneo

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  1. Elizabeth J. Hermsen
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  3. N. Rubén Cúneo
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Correspondence to Elizabeth J. Hermsen.

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Hermsen, E.J., Gandolfo, M.A. & Cúneo, N.R. New marsileaceous fossils from the Late Cretaceous of South America and a reevaluation of Marsileaceaephyllum . Plant Syst Evol 300, 369–386 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0886-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0886-7

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